Category: 112-63-0

Dello Russo, Cinzia; Scott, Kathryn Anne; Pirmohamed, Munir published the artcile< Dimethyl fumarate induced lymphopenia in multiple sclerosis: A review of the literature>, Electric Literature of 112-63-0, the main research area is review sclerosis lymphopenia dimethyl fumarate; Dimethyl fumarate; Lymphopenia; Microbiome; Monomethyl fumarate; Multiple Sclerosis; Pharmacogenetics; Pharmacokinetics; Psoriasis.

A review. Di-Me fumarate (DMF) is a first line medication for multiple sclerosis. It has a favorable safety profile, however, there is concern regarding the occurrence of moderate-severe and sustained lymphopenia and the associated risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. We carried out an extensive literature review to understand the mol. mechanisms underlying this adverse reaction. Dynamic changes in certain components of the immune system are likely to be important for the therapeutic effects of DMF, including depletion of memory T cells and decrease in activated T cells together with expansion of naive T cells. Similar modifications were reported for the B cell components. CD8+ T cells are particularly susceptible to DMF-induced cell death, with marked reductions observed in lymphopenic subjects. The reasons underlying such increased sensitivity are not known, nor it is known how expansion of other lymphocyte subsets occurs. Understanding the mol. mechanisms underlying DMF action is challenging: in vivo DMF is rapidly metabolized to monomethyl fumarate (MMF), a less potent immunomodulator in vitro. Pharmacokinetics indicate that MMF is the main active species in vivo. However, the relative importance of DMF and MMF in toxicity remains unclear, with evidence presented in favor of either of the compounds as toxic species. Pharmacogenetic studies to identify genetic predictors of DMF-induced lymphopenia are limited, with inconclusive results.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics published new progress about CD8-positive T cell. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Electric Literature of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Schoenfeld, Ryan C.; Bourdet, David L.; Brameld, Ken A.; Chin, Elbert; de Vicente, Javier; Fung, Amy; Harris, Seth F.; Lee, Eun K.; Le Pogam, Sophie; Leveque, Vincent; Li, Jim; Lui, Alfred S.-T.; Najera, Isabel; Rajyaguru, Sonal; Sangi, Michael; Steiner, Sandra; Talamas, Francisco X.; Taygerly, Joshua P.; Zhao, Junping published the artcile< Discovery of a Novel Series of Potent Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus NS5B>, Application In Synthesis of 112-63-0, the main research area is hepatitis C virus NS5B nonnucleoside inhibitor preparation SAR.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global public health problem. While the current standard of care, a direct-acting antiviral (DAA) protease inhibitor taken in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, represents a major advancement in recent years, an unmet medical need still exists for treatment modalities that improve upon both efficacy and tolerability. Toward those ends, much effort has continued to focus on the discovery of new DAAs, with the ultimate goal to provide interferon-free combinations. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme NS5B represents one such DAA therapeutic target for inhibition that has attracted much interest over the past decade. Herein, we report the discovery and optimization of a novel series of inhibitors of HCV NS5B, through the use of structure-based design applied to a fragment-derived starting point. Issues of potency, pharmacokinetics, and early safety were addressed to provide a clin. candidate in fluoropyridone (I).

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antiviral agents. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application In Synthesis of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shi, Wen; Hao, Jiatong; Wu, Yanliang; Liu, Chang; Shimizu, Kuniyoshi; Li, Renshi; Zhang, Chaofeng published the artcile< Protective effects of heterophyllin B against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice via AMPK activation>, Reference of 112-63-0, the main research area is heterophyllin B AMPK pulmonary fibrosis; AMPK activation; Heterophyllin B; Pulmonary fibrosis; STING.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease with unknown etiol. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-fibrotic effects of heterophyllin B, a natural product from Radix Pseudostellariae having anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. In bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF mouse model, heterophyllin B treatments (5 or 20 mg/kg/d) significantly attenuated BLM-induced alveolar cavity collapse, inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar wall thickening and collagen deposition. When compared to model group, heterophyllin B treatments also increased AMP (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation levels by 359% (P < 0.001) and reduced the expression of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) by 73% (P < 0.001). Furthermore, co-administration of heterophyllin B with AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin (Compound C) significantly blocked the improvement effects of heterophyllin B on BLM-damaged lung tissue, and also increased the protein expression of STING which was inhibited by heterophyllin B in fibrotic lungs (P < 0.001). It is known that alveolar epithelia and lung fibroblasts exert prominent roles in the fibrosis progression. In the present study we found that, in vitro, heterophyllin B significantly inhibited alveolar epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lung fibroblast transdifferentiation. We also found that the inhibition of heterophyllin B on lung fibroblast transdifferentiation and STING expression was reversed by Compound C. To summarize, heterophyllin B exhibited protective effects on BLM-induced lung fibrosis potentially by inhibiting TGF-Smad2/3 signalings and AMPK-mediated STING signalings. European Journal of Pharmacology published new progress about Analysis. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Reference of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ree, Brian J.; Mato, Yoshinobu; Xiang, Li; Kim, Jehan; Isono, Takuya; Satoh, Toshifumi published the artcile< Topologically controlled phase transitions and nanoscale film self-assemblies of cage poly(ε-caprolactone) and its counterparts>, Related Products of 112-63-0, the main research area is polycaprolactone film phase transition counterpart thermal property.

Here we report the first quant. investigation of nanoscale film morphologies of a cage-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone) (cg-PCL9k) and its counterparts in star, cyclic, and linear topologies (st-PCL9k, cy-PCL6k, and l-PCL6k) with consideration of topol. influence through synchrotron grazing incidence X-ray scattering anal. The folded crystalline layer thickness lc is found to be in the increasing order of: st-PCL9k < l-PCL6k < cy-PCL6k< cg-PCL9k. Addnl. structural parameters, such as lamellar orientation, crystallinity, and orientation of orthorhombic lattice in nanoscale film, exhibit intricate dependencies on their mol. topologies and steric influences from the mol. joints and end groups. Nevertheless, all topol. PCLs form lamellar structures based on the orthorhombic crystal lattice in nanoscale films. In addition, crystallization temperature Tc and crystal melting temperature Tm of all PCLs in bulk are highly dependent on the mol. topol.; both Tc and Tm follow the same increasing trend of: st-PCL9k < l-PCL6k< cy-PCL6k < cg-PCL9k. Phase transition characteristics such as heat of fusion and crystallinity in bulk state, and thermal stability also depend upon the topol. and steric influences. Polymer Chemistry published new progress about Branched polymers, star-branched Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Related Products of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Peng, Guowen; Xiao, Fangzhu; Nie, Changming; Liao, Lifu; Yang, Shengyuan published the artcile< Quantum topological method studies on QSRR for chiral organic compounds>, Synthetic Route of 112-63-0, the main research area is quantum topol QSRR chiral organic.

Based on topol. chem. theory, as well as the bonding at. structural features and the local chem. microenvironment, the authors introduced two new chiral topol. indexes w1, w2, with the space distance between atoms using d. functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) level instead of the traditional topog. distance in two-dimensional topog. distance matrix. The authors also colored all atoms in mol. graph with equilibrium electro-negativity based on distance matrix and branch vertex of atoms in a mol., and corrected the distance matrix by chiral factors. Quant. structure-retention relation (QSRR) was systematically made on relation between the retention indexes RM from a chiral thin-layer chromatogram for 18 chiral organic acids (8 hydroxyl acids and 10 amino acids) and the chiral topol. index w1, w2 by partial least square regression (PLS). The calculated results by the model indicate that the average relative deviations between calculated values and exptl. data of retention indexes RM of chiral compounds are among the exptl. deviations. To validate the estimation stability for internal samples and the predictive capability for external samples of resulting models, leave-one-out (LOO) cross validation (CV) and external validation were performed. And the models all have good stability and predictability.

Huaxue Xuebao published new progress about Amino acids Role: PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PRP (Properties), PROC (Process). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Synthetic Route of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Matsumoto, Masakatsu; Ishida, Yasuko; Watanabe, Nobuko published the artcile< Selective halogenation of 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles to 5-halo-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles with copper(II) halides>, Application In Synthesis of 112-63-0, the main research area is acylindolone bromination chlorination selective; cupric bromide bromination acylindole; cupric chloride chlorination acylindole; dehydrohalogenation haloindolone; indolone acyl halogenation dehydrohalogenation; indolol acyl.

Halogenation of 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles I (R = H, PhCH2, 4-MeC6H4SO2, PhSO2, MeSO2, Bz) with CuBr2 or CuCl2 gave selectively 5-halo-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles II (R1 = Br, Cl), which were easily transformed to 4-hydroxyindoles III by Li2CO3 and LiBr or LiCl in DMF.

Heterocycles published new progress about Bromination. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application In Synthesis of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Foreman, David J.; Horta, Javier E. published the artcile< Determination of the empirical formula of zinc bromide using microwave technology: a simple experiment for the undergraduate general chemistry laboratory>, Safety of (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is chem education zinc bromide gravimetry acetone microwave.

The mass and mole relationships associated with the stoichiometry of chem. reactions and the composition of chem. compounds are among the most fundamental concepts that every student in an introductory chem. course must thoroughly learn and understand. By reacting granular zinc metal with a substoichiometric amount of a solid ionic bromine equivalent under microwave heating, the empirical formula of zinc bromide can be determined

Chemical Educator published new progress about Chemical education. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Safety of (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cohen, Julius Berend; Bennett, Hugh Garner published the artcile< Studies in chlorination. The chlorination of the isomeric chloronitrobenzenes>, Synthetic Route of 112-63-0, the main research area is .

The chlorination of m-dichlorobenzene and isomeric chloronitro-compounds was investigated. The results conformed with the rule on the relation between the position assumed by the third and fourth entrant chlorine atoms obtained by chlorinating o- and p-dichlorobenzenes, and the six isomeric dichlorotoluenes on one hand, and those occupied by the two entrant nitro-groups on the other, and again by the fourth chlorine and nitro-group in the case of the 1:2:4-trichlorobenzene and the six trichlorotoluenes. In some cases, small quantities of isomeric products were obtained. For the case of 1:2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene, the principal and secondary products appeared to be in the reverse order from that required by the rule.

Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions published new progress about Melting point. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Synthetic Route of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tryniszewski, Michal; Bujok, Robert; Ganczarczyk, Roman; Wrobel, Zbigniew published the artcile< Reductive Condensation of a Nitro Group with Carboxylic Acids Promoted by Phosphorus(III) Compounds: A Short Route to 5 H -Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepin-11(10 H )-ones>, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is dibenzodiazepinone regioselective preparation; nitroaryl amino aryl carboxylic acid condensation catalyst tributylphosphine.

Tributyl- or triphenylphosphine promoted a one-pot, three-step method for the synthesis of differently substituted dibenzodiazepinones such as I [R = H, n-Bu; R1 = H, 8-Cl, 7-OMe, etc.; R2 = 2-Me, 2-CN; Z = N, CH; Y = S, NCH, HCCH] from N-aryl-2-nitroanilines. Pyridine analogs I [R = H; R1 = 9-Cl; R2 = H; Z = CH; Y = NCH] and the corresponding thiazepinones could also be formed using this method. The process involved deoxygenation of the nitro group, then formation of an iminophosphorane intermediate and its intramol. condensation with a carboxyl group placed in the N-aryl group. The role of the carboxyl group in the formation of the iminophosphorane and the mode of cyclization were discussed.

Synthesis published new progress about Anilines Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation) (nitro). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sun, Miao; Wang, Yi-Zhou; Yang, Yong; Lv, Meng-Wen; Li, Shan-Shan; Teixeira da Silva, Jaime A.; Wang, Liang-Sheng; Yu, Xiao-Nan published the artcile< Analysis of Chemical Components in the Roots of Eight Intersubgeneric Hybrids of Paeonia>, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is Paeonia root phenol paeonol intersubgeneric hybrid mass spectrometry; Paeonia; intersubgeneric hybrid; medicinal ingredient; paeoniflorin; tannins.

Paeonia cultivars are famous ornamental plants, and some of them are also traditional Chinese medicinal resources. Intersubgeneric hybrids of Paeonia (IHPs) are formed by the hybridization of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora) and tree peony (Paeonia×suffruticosa or lutea hybrid tree peony). The phenotypic characteristics of IHPs are similar to those of herbaceous peony, and their root systems are large and vigorous. However, their medicinal value has not been reported yet. In this study, the roots of eight IHP samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatog. quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). A total of 18 compounds were identified, including phenols, paeonols, monoterpene glycosides, and tannins. The contents of monoterpene glycosides and tannins in IHPs were higher than herbaceous peony and tree peony, exceeding 44.76 mg/g DW and 11.50 mg/g DW, resp. Three IHPs, ‘Prairie Charm’, ‘Garden Treasure’, and ‘Yellow Emperor’, with more types and a higher content of medicinal compounds, were screened out by cluster anal. These IHPs have considerable potential for the development of medicinal resources.

Chemistry & Biodiversity published new progress about High-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics