Organic-inorganic hybrid catalysts based on ordered porous structures for Michael reaction was written by Kubota, Yoshihiro;Ikeya, Hisanori;Sugi, Yoshihiro;Yamada, Takashi;Tatsumi, Takashi. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical in 2006.Product Details of 1190-39-2 This article mentions the following:
Two types of organic-inorganic hybrid base catalysts are prepared for the Michael reaction. Organic-functionalized mol. sieves (OFMSs), particularly “amine-immobilized porous silicates”, are designed based on a common idea of immobilizing active catalytic sites on silicate surface. Silicate-organic composite materials (SOCMs), such as “ordered porous silicate-quaternary ammonium composite materials”, are the precursors of ordered porous silicates obtained during the synthesis. The OFMSs are effective when the supports have large pore volume and/or surface area and the reaction is carried out in polar solvents ethanol and DMF. However, the activity of the OFMSs is considerably low in a non-polar solvent such as benzene. In contrast, the SOCMs are remarkably active in benzene. The organic cation-MCM-41 composite is more active than the composite of an organic cation and a microporous silicate such as zeolite beta and ZSM-12. In the SOCM catalysts, (SiO)3SiO–(+NR4) moieties located at the accessible sites are considered to play some important roles. The active species are absent in the liquid phase after the reaction. The recycle of the catalyst was possible without significant loss of activity when the substrates are enough reactive. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Product Details of 1190-39-2).
malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Product Details of 1190-39-2
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics