Formylation of alcohols, using catalysts based on epoxides was written by Brewis, S.;Dent, W. T.;Smith, R. D.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1965.SDS of cas: 1190-39-2 This article mentions the following:
The reaction ROH + CO â?HCO2R was found to be catalyzed by a mixture of an epoxide with a salt or with a Group V tertiary alkyl or aryl. Thus, MeOH containing NaOAc and ethylene oxide reacted with CO at 200 atm. and 130° to give MeO2CH. Na salts of weak acids gave nearly the maximum possible reaction in 2.5 hrs., salts of divalent metals or strong acids were less effective. The salts in the catalyst mixture could be replaced by tertiary alkyl or aryl amines, phosphines, or arsines. The catalysts varied in activity with different alcs. but tert-BuOH did not react. In the Na-catalyzed reaction tert-BuOH reacted more readily than BuOH. Alkoxide ions were formed during the reaction. From a study of the reaction at room temperature between Ph3P, ethylene oxide, and MeOH, it is suggested that the catalysts for the formylation reaction are bases of the type Ph3P+CH2CH2OMe + MeO–, formed by reaction between the alc., epoxide, and the tertiary base. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2SDS of cas: 1190-39-2).
malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.SDS of cas: 1190-39-2
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics