Wan, Feifei published the artcileThe transfer hydrogenation of high concentration levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone catalyzed by glucose phosphate carbamide zirconium, Quality Control of 539-88-8, the main research area is glucose phosphate carbamide zirconium levulinic acid transfer hydrogenation catalyst; gamma valerolactone turnover frequency.
Zr-Based catalysts have been extensively applied in Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley type catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) reactions, but they are easily deactivated in the CTH conversion of high concentrations of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (γ-GVL). This work discloses that by using cheap glucose and ZrCl4 as two main raw materials, glucose phosphate carbamide zirconium (GluPC-Zr) is easily synthesized at large scale and low cost via a simple two-step conversion. The constructed GluPC-Zr has enhanced Lewis acid-base properties and good porosity, thus exhibiting outstanding activity for the CTH reactions of LA or its esters with isopropanol (IPA), providing 95-98% γ-GVL yields. Because of the excellent esterification performance of the introduced acidic phosphate groups, GluPC-Zr also works well at high LA concentrations, achieving a much higher turnover frequency (TOF, 8.2 mmol γ-GVL per g catalyst per h) than previously reported Zr-based catalysts (TOF, 0.2-2.4). And it shows excellent reusability in the reaction of LA with IPA, still providing ca. 95% γ-GVL yield after the seventh cycle run. This work provides a preferential esterification strategy for LA to hamper catalyst deactivation, which is of special significance for the large-scale production of γ-GVL from biomass-derived LA and a low-cost GluPC-Zr catalyst.
Green Chemistry published new progress about Bronsted acidity. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Quality Control of 539-88-8.
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