Tuning the wettability and surface free energy of poly(vinylphenol) thin films by modulating hydrogen-bonding interactions was written by Wang, Chih-Feng;Ejeta, Dula Daksa;Wu, Jian-Yi;Kuo, Shiao-Wei;Lin, Ching-Hsuan;Lai, Juin-Yih. And the article was included in Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) in 2020.Reference of 763-69-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The ability to tune the surface properties of a polymer film in a simple and effective manner is important for diverse biol., industrial, and environmental applications. In this work, we investigated whether or not the surface free energy of poly(vinyl phenol; PVPh) can be tuned by adjusting the casting solvent and the thermal treatment time, which alters the proportions of intraand intermol. hydrogen bonding interactions. Compared to the untreated sample, in THF system, the thermal treatment resulted in a lower proportion of intermol. hydrogen bonds and a concomitant decrease in the surface free energy (from 39.3 to 18.8 mJ/m2). In contrast, the thermal treatment in propylene glycol Me ether acetate (PGMEA) and ethyl-3-ethoxypropionate (EEP) systems increased the proportion of intermol. hydrogen bonds and the surface free energy of the polymer thin films, from 45.0 to 54.3 mJ/m2 for PGMEA and from 45.5 to 52.9 mJ/m2 for EEP. Controlling intermol. hydrogen-bonding interactions is a unique and easy method for tuning the surface free energies of polymer substances. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate (cas: 763-69-9Reference of 763-69-9).
Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate (cas: 763-69-9) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Reference of 763-69-9
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics