Production of bio-oil from algal biomass and its upgradation to biodiesel using CaO-based heterogeneous catalysts was written by Malpani, M.;Varma, A. K.;Mondal, P.. And the article was included in International Journal of Green Energy in 2016.COA of Formula: C20H40O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
The present article deals with the production of bio-oil from algal biomass as well as the preparation and characterization of noble CaO-based heterogeneous catalyst for upgradation of bio-oil to biodiesel. The bio-oil has been extracted from algal biomass using hexane as solvent in soxhlet apparatus and upgraded to biodiesel by transesterification using noble CaO-based heterogeneous catalysts. Catalyst with TiO2:CaO molar ratio of 0.25 and calcination temperature of 700°C has been found to be most suitable among all the catalysts developed. Characterization of the catalysts has been done by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermo-gravimetric anal. (TGA). The input–output model has been developed to correlate exptl. and predicted value of biodiesel yield. Optimization of process parameters has been done using response surface methodol. Various properties and elemental composition of algal bio-oil and biodiesel have been determined and compared with biodiesel. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8COA of Formula: C20H40O2).
Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.COA of Formula: C20H40O2
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics