Microsecond molecular dynamics studies of cholesterol-mediated myelin sheath degeneration in early Alzheimers disease was written by Gupta, Mayuri;Weaver, Donald F.. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2022.Safety of (2R,9Z)-1-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-3-(palmitoyloxy)propan-2-yl oleate The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Cholesterol-mediated perturbations of membrane structural integrity are key early events in the mol. pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (AD). In AD, protein misfolding (proteopathy) and pro-inflammatory conditions (immunopathy) culminate in neuronal death, a process enabled by altered membrane biophys. properties which render neurons more susceptible to proteopathic and immunopathic cytotoxicities. Since cholesterol is a principal neuronal membrane lipid, normal cholesterol homeostasis is central to membrane health; also, since increased cholesterol composition is especially present in neuronal myelin sheath (i.e. brain “white matter”), recent studies have not surprisingly revealed that white matter atrophy precedes the conventional biomarkers of AD (amyloid plaques, tau tangles). Employing extensive microsecond all-atom mol. dynamics simulations, we investigated biophys. and mech. properties of myelin sheath membrane as a function of cholesterol mole fraction (蠂CHL). Impaired 蠂CHL modulates multiple bilayer properties, including surface area per lipid (APL), chain order, number and mass d. profiles, area compressibility and bending moduli, bilayer thickness, lipid tilt angles, H-bonding interactions and tail interdigitation. The increased orientational ordering of both palmitoyl and oleoyl chains in model healthy myelin sheath (HMS) membranes illustrates the condensing effect of cholesterol. With an increase in 蠂CHL, number d. profiles of water tend to attain bulk water number d. more quickly, indicating shrinkage in the interfacial region with increasing 蠂CHL. The average tilt value is 11.5掳 for the C10-C13 angle in cholesterol and 64.2掳 for the P-N angle in POPC lipids in HMS. These calculations provide a mol.-level understanding of myelin sheath susceptibility to pathol. as an early event in the pathogenesis of AD. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,9Z)-1-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-3-(palmitoyloxy)propan-2-yl oleate (cas: 26662-94-2Safety of (2R,9Z)-1-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-3-(palmitoyloxy)propan-2-yl oleate).
(2R,9Z)-1-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-3-(palmitoyloxy)propan-2-yl oleate (cas: 26662-94-2) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Safety of (2R,9Z)-1-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-3-(palmitoyloxy)propan-2-yl oleate
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics