Month: February 2023

Biodegradation of dibenzothiophene by efficient Pseudomonas sp. LKY-5 with the production of a biosurfactant was written by Li, Lin;Shen, Xianwei;Zhao, Chaocheng;Liu, Qiyou;Liu, Xuwei;Wu, Yanan. And the article was included in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in 2019.Quality Control of Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate This article mentions the following:

A potent bacterial strain capable of degrading dibenzothiophene (DBT) was isolated and evaluated for its characteristics. The strain, designated as LKY-5, is rod-shaped, gram-neg., and occurs mainly in clusters. It was identified as belonging to the Pseudomonas genus based on the 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenic anal. Determination of its DBT depletion efficiency by gas chromatog. revealed that the isolate was able to completely degrade up to 100 mg L^-1 DBT within 144 h. The pH values, DBT concentrations, and biomasses in the medium varied significantly in the initial 24 h. A biosurfactant produced by LKY-5 was extracted and identified as a di-rhamnolipid with the formula Rha-Rha-C₈-C_8:1 by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. There were 26 metabolites in the DBT degradation process. Pseudomonas sp. LKY-5 exhibited unusually high DBT degradation efficiency via multiple metabolic pathways. Compared with the reported 4S and Kodama pathways, two more expanded metabolic pathways for the degradation of DBT are proposed. The polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs) in diesel, such as C₁-DBT, C₂-DBT, C₃-DBT, 4,6-DMDBT, and 2,4,6-TMDBT, can also be degraded with 28.2-42.3% efficiency. The results showed that LKY-5 is an excellent bacterial candidate for the bioremediation of PASH-contaminated sites and sediments. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6Quality Control of Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The hydrolysis of carboxylic anhydrides. IV. Succinic and tetramethylsuccinic anhydrides was written by Bunton, C. A.;Fendler, J. H.;Fuller, N. A.;Perry, S.;Rocek, J.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1963.Related Products of 584-74-7 This article mentions the following:

Hydrolysis of succinic and tetramethylsuccinic anhydride is retarded by aqueous mineral acids (except for dilute H₂SO₄ and HCl). It is acid-catalyzed in aqueous dioxane. Hydrolysis of succinic anhydride in water is accelerated by bivalent electrolytes, but retarded by univalent electrolytes (except for NaHSO₄). In water the feeble catalysis by protons is opposed by a sp. neg. salt effect, but the rate in aqueous acid is always greater than that in solutions of the alkali-metal salts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate (cas: 584-74-7Related Products of 584-74-7).

Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate (cas: 584-74-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Related Products of 584-74-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effects of Exposure Conditions on Antioxidant Depletion, Tensile Strength, and Creep Modulus of Corrugated HDPE Pipes Made With or Without Recycled Resins was written by Nguyen, Khanh Q.;Cousin, Patrice;Mohamed, Khaled;Robert, Mathieu;Benmokrane, Brahim. And the article was included in Journal of Polymers and the Environment in 2022.Reference of 6683-19-8 This article mentions the following:

The service lifetime of corrugated high-d. polyethylene (HDPE) pipes used in transportation infrastructure applications has been the subject of several studies over the years. How factors specific to North American climate conditions-such as freeze/thaw cycles, deicing salts, and abrasion-affect pipe service life have not been addressed. In this study, laboratory accelerated-aging tests were conducted to examine the thermo-oxidative degradation as well as tensile strength and creep modulus of HDPE pipes made with or without recycled resins. Specimens were immersed in saline solution (NaCl), acidic solution (H₂SO₄), alk. solution (NaOH) at 60°C, or in water and exposed to freeze/thaw cycles ranging from – 40 to + 40°C. Measuring the oxidative induction time (OIT) at various time intervals quantified the amounts of antioxidants present in the pipes, revealing that the rate of antioxidant depletion depended on the surrounding environment. The depletion rate was faster in the saline solution and slower in the freeze/thaw cycles. For specimens exposed to freeze/thaw cycles, the depletion was 1.12 to 1.91 lower than in the acidic solution, 1.25 to 2.64 times lower than in the alk. solution, and 1.43 to 3.25 times lower than in saline solution Nevertheless, the HDPE pipes all met the OIT requirements of a min. of 20 min. Furthermore, the one-way anal. of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s HSD test indicate that the tensile strength and creep modulus values of the recycled and virgin HDPE pipes were unchanged before and after immersion in the different solutions In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Reference of 6683-19-8).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Reference of 6683-19-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The synthesis and carbon-13 NMR spectra pyrrolothiazoles and their precursors. Bromine-induced cyclization of pyrrolylthioureas was written by Grehn, Leif. And the article was included in Chemica Scripta in 1979.Quality Control of Ethyl 4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Several differently substituted pyrrolylthiourea derivatives (e.g. I) have been prepared by the action of acyl isothiocyanates on the corresponding aminopyrroles. Bromine-induced ring closure of selected pyrrolylthioureas in acetic acid or tri-Me phosphate yielded 3 possible isomers of the hitherto unknown pyrrolothiazoles (e.g. II). This reaction has wide applicability. ¹³C NMR parameters were determined for all new compounds and the direct ¹³C-¹H coupling constants in the pyrrole moiety were utilized to distinguish α- and β-carbons. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (cas: 5930-92-7Quality Control of Ethyl 4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate).

Ethyl 4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (cas: 5930-92-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Quality Control of Ethyl 4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel salicylic acid analogs induce a potent defense response in Arabidopsis was written by Palmer, Ian Arthur;Chen, Huan;Chen, Jian;Chang, Ming;Li, Min;Liu, Fengquan;Fu, Zheng Qing. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2019.COA of Formula: C9H10O3 This article mentions the following:

The master regulator of salicylic acid (SA)-mediated plant defense, NPR1 (NONEXPRESSER OF PR GENES 1) and its paralogs NPR3 and NPR4, act as SA receptors. After the perception of a pathogen, plant cells produce SA in the chloroplast. In the presence of SA, NPR1 protein is reduced from oligomers to monomers, and translocated into the nucleus. Several of these analogs can induce SA-mediated defense and inhibit growth of Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis. These analogs, when sprayed on Arabidopsis, can induce the accumulation of the master regulator of plant defense NPR1. In a yeast two-hybrid system, these analogs can strengthen the interactions among NPR proteins. We demonstrated that these analogs can induce the expression of the defense marker gene PR1. Furthermore, we hypothesized that these SA analogs could be potent tools against the citrus greening pathogen Candidatus liberibacter spp. In fact, our results suggest that the SA analogs we tested using Arabidopsis may also be effective for inducing a defense response in citrus. Several SA analogs consistently strengthened the interactions between citrus NPR1 and NPR3 proteins in a yeast two-hybrid system. In future assays, we plan to test whether these analogs avoid degradation by SA hydroxylases from plant pathogens. In future assays, we plan to test whether these analogs avoid degradation by SA hydroxylases from plant pathogens. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6COA of Formula: C9H10O3).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.COA of Formula: C9H10O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Highly diastereoselective epoxidation of protected α-amino alkenes catalyzed by ruthenium porphyrin/Cl₂PyNO system was written by Sun, Li;Du, Can-Ping;Qin, Jie;You, Jing-Song;Yang, Meng;Yu, Xiao-Qi. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical in 2005.Recommanded Product: 133467-01-3 This article mentions the following:

Protected α-amino epoxides, e.g. I, were successfully obtained in high threo-selectivity (up to 99%) under mild reaction conditions by using carbonyl 5,10,15,20-tetra(2,6-dichlorophenyl)porphyrin ruthenium(II) [Ru(TDCPP)CO] as catalyst and 2,6-dichloropyridine N-oxide (Cl₂PyNO) as oxidant. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Boc-D-Leu-OMe (cas: 133467-01-3Recommanded Product: 133467-01-3).

Boc-D-Leu-OMe (cas: 133467-01-3) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Recommanded Product: 133467-01-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Surface tension and interfacial tension of polyolefins and polyolefin blends was written by Charfeddine, Ilhem;Majeste, Jean-Charles;Carrot, Christian;Lhost, Olivier. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Polymer Science in 2022.Formula: C73H108O12 This article mentions the following:

This paper focuses on the calculation of the interfacial tension of two systems: low-d. polyethylene with isotactic polypropylene and high-d. polyethylene with syndiotactic polypropylene. For this, three methods to measure the interfacial tension are compared: the use of Palierne’s model, and Gramespacher and Meissner’s model, both based on addnl. elasticity or long relaxation times brought by shape recovery of dispersed phase, and ab-initio calculation, which requires the knowledge of the surface tension of the neat polymer measured at the same temperature For that, a database collected from the literature is built in the first section of this paper, whether for the studied systems or for other systems of various olefinic homopolymers or copolymers with polypropylene. The results show the effectiveness of the Gramespacher and Meissner’s model to calculate the interfacial tension of the studied systems for which the results were in agreement with ab-initio calculation and Palierne’s model. Extension of the ab-initio calculation to olefinic copolymers was proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Formula: C73H108O12).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Formula: C73H108O12

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Carbon-carbon bond construction at the 2-position of polysubstituted pyrimidinones was written by Zhang, Dawei;Sham, Kelvin;Cao, Guo-Qiang;Hungate, Randall;Dominguez, Celia. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2002.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate This article mentions the following:

A novel synthetic method to introduce a carbon-carbon bond at the 2-position of pyrimidinones via nucleophilic addition of Grignard reagents to 2-cyano pyrimidinones at ambient conditions is disclosed. This unique approach leads to the preparation of such biol. important mols. as polysubstituted pyrimidinones in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate).

Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

mCPBA-mediated dioxygenation of unactivated alkenes for the synthesis of 5-imino-2-tetrahydrofuranyl methanol derivatives was written by Deng, Xiaojun;Zhang, Luwen;Liu, Huixia;Bai, Yu;He, Wei. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2020.Product Details of 868-57-5 This article mentions the following:

A mCPBA-mediated, metal-free, intramol. dioxygenation reaction of unactivated alkenes is reported. In the presence of m-chlorobenzoic peracid, different unsaturated amide substrates could be cyclized via epoxide intermediates, producing the corresponding 5-imino-2-tetrahydrofuranyl methanol products in up to 94% yield at room temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Product Details of 868-57-5).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Product Details of 868-57-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics