Month: February 2023

Photochemical hydrogen abstraction as a radiationless transition in the photoketonization of β-dicarbonyl compounds was written by Nikolov, G.;Markov, P.. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry in 1981.COA of Formula: C12H14O3 This article mentions the following:

The photoketonization of 2 series of β-dicarbonyl compounds, namely, RC₆H₄COCH₂CO₂Et (R = H, p-Me, m-NO₂, p-Cl, etc.) and R¹COCHR²CO₂R³ (R¹ = Et, hexyl, Me; R² = H, Me, Et, CH₂Ph; R³ = Et, C₅H₁₁, cyclopentylmethyl, etc.), was treated in terms of the tunnel effect theory as a radiationless transition. These series showed a strong dependence of the overall photoketonization reaction rate constants on the reaction coordinate, which is constant for a given series. The rate constants of the 2nd series were reproduced using a single value of the enol OH bond energy D_OH, whereas the rate constants k_r of the 1st series show a marked dependence of D_OH and a correlation between log k_r and D_OH was found. The successful application of the tunnel effect theory to the photoketonization processes of the compounds studied was interpreted to imply that these processes may in fact involve through-space photochem. H migration which is governed by the tunnel effect. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9COA of Formula: C12H14O3).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.COA of Formula: C12H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of C-5 Methyl Substituted 4-Arylthio and 4-Aryloxy-3-Iodopyridin-2(1H)-one Type Anti-HIV Agents was written by Guillemont, Jerome;Benjahad, Abdellah;Oumouch, Said;Decrane, Laurence;Palandjian, Patrice;Vernier, Daniel;Queguiner, Laurence;Andries, Koen;de Bethune, Marie-Pierre;Hertogs, Kurt;Grierson, David S.;Nguyen, Chi Hung. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Related Products of 173341-02-1 This article mentions the following:

A series of C-5 Me substituted 4-arylthio- and 4-aryloxy-3-iodopyridin-2(1H)-ones, e.g. I (X = O, S; R = SCH₂CONHMe, 2-tetrazolyl, 1-imidazolyl, etc.), has been synthesized as new pyridinone analogs for their evaluation as anti-HIV inhibitors. The optimization at the 5-position was developed through an efficient use of the key intermediates 5-ethoxycarbonyl- and 5-cyano-pyridin-2(1H)-ones. Biol. studies revealed that several compounds show potent HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory properties, for example, I [X = S; R = 1-tetrazolyl, 2-tetrazolyl] are active at 0.6-50 nM against wild type HIV-1 and a panel of major simple/double HIV mutant strains. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (morpholin-2-ylmethyl)carbamate (cas: 173341-02-1Related Products of 173341-02-1).

tert-Butyl (morpholin-2-ylmethyl)carbamate (cas: 173341-02-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Related Products of 173341-02-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and polymerization of alkyl α-(Alkylsulfonyl)acrylates was written by Gipstein, E.;Willson, C. G.;Sachdev, H.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1980.COA of Formula: C4H8O4S This article mentions the following:

The reaction of RSO₂CHMeCO₂R¹ (R = Me, CMe₃; R¹ = CMe₃, Me) with PhSeCl gave RSO₂C(SePh)MeCO₂R¹, the selenide products were treated with H₂O₂, and Se-oxidation was followed by an elimination reaction to yield the resp. RSO₂C:(CH₂)CO₂R¹ (I). The deacylative methylenation of MeSO₂CH(COPh)CO₂Me by HCHO gave I (R = R¹ = Me). The I (R¹ = Me) polymerized more readily than the I (R¹ = CMe₃). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-(methylsulfonyl)acetate (cas: 62020-09-1COA of Formula: C4H8O4S).

Methyl 2-(methylsulfonyl)acetate (cas: 62020-09-1) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. COA of Formula: C4H8O4S

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

2-Oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives with potent gastric antisecretory properties was written by Santilli, Arthur A.;Scotese, Anthony C.;Bauer, Raymond F.;Bell, Stanley C.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1987.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The syntheses of 2-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives, e.g., I (R = H, Me, Et, Pr, allyl, etc.; R¹ = NH₂, 4-methylpiperazinyl, etc.; R² = H, Me), having potent gastric antisecretory properties in the Shay rat model are described. Two of the more potent compounds tested that were selected for more detailed dose-response evaluation were I (R = Et, R¹ = NH₂, R² = H; II) and I (R = Et, R¹ = 4-methylpiperazinyl, R² = Me; III). II and III lowered total acid output in a dose-related fashion, were more potent than cimetidine, and showed inhibitory activity in food-stimulated acid secretion in the Pavlov dog. The mechanism of action for this series is not known. Details of structure-activity relationships are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

CuO-Catalyzed oxidation of aryl acetates with aqueous tert-butyl hydroperoxide for the synthesis of α-ketoesters was written by Jiang, Jin. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Research in 2019.Application of 19432-68-9 This article mentions the following:

A practical method to access α-ketoesters ArC(O)C(O)OR [Ar = Ph, 4-BrC₆H₄, 2-thienyl, etc.; R = Me, iPr, Bn, etc.] via CuO catalyzed oxidation of aryl acetates using aqueous tert-Bu hydroperoxide was developed. No addnl. solvents were required in this method and it was found the peroxide side products in the reaction could be decomposed to products by using pyridine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Application of 19432-68-9).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Application of 19432-68-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Influence of post-harvest moisture on roasted almond shelf life and consumer acceptance was written by Luo, Kathleen K.;Chapman, Dawn M.;Lerno, Larry A.;Huang, Guangwei;Mitchell, Alyson E.. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2021.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND : The harvest weights of sweet almonds (Prunus dulcis) have significantly increased to meet consumer demand and now exceed processing facility capabilities. Crops are stockpiled for longer periods, increasing the probability of moisture exposure. Wet almonds can be mech. dried prior to processing; however, it is unclear how this practice influences lipid oxidation, shelf-life, and consumer acceptance. To address this, almonds were exposed to 8% moisture and dried with low heat (ME). Almonds were roasted and stored under accelerated conditions for 12 mo and markers of lipid oxidation, headspace volatiles, sensory attributes, and consumer liking were evaluated. RESULTS : At 7 mo of storage, light roast ME almonds had higher levels of volatiles related to lipid oxidation than non-moisture exposed almonds (NME) and were significantly higher in oxidized, cardboard and painty / solvent flavors. Although untrained consumers did not show significant preferences between the light roast ME and NME almonds, there were quality losses related to lipid oxidation that trained panelists could detect. Dark roast ME almonds demonstrated significant lipid oxidation by 5 mo of storage, indicating they will have a compromised shelf life. Findings also indicate that octanal, nonanal, 2-octenal, and hexanoic acid are good indicators of consumer acceptability. CONCLUSION : The results of this research illustrate that post-harvest moisture exposure with mech. drying has a significant effect on the storage quality of roasted almonds and is most pronounced in dark roast products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Synthetic Route of C6H10O2).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

RAFT synthesis of triply responsive poly[N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide]s and their N-substitute determined response was written by Wang, Ke;Song, Zefeng;Liu, Chonggao;Zhang, Wangqing. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2016.Name: Benzyl benzodithioate This article mentions the following:

The thermo- and pH/CO₂-responsive poly[N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide]s containing a polyacrylamide backbone but different N-substitutes of dialkylamine were synthesized and their solution properties were comparatively checked. A controllable RAFT synthesis of poly[N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide]s was achieved when a typical trithiocarbonate containing an easily cleavable R group was employed. The RAFT polymerization rate decreases with the increasing C-number in the N-substitutes. The thermo- and pH/CO₂-responsive property of poly[N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide]s is firmly correlative to the N-substitutes. With the C-number in the R-substitute increasing, the solution properties of poly(N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide)s undergo a soluble-to-thermoresponsive-to-insoluble evolution, and the critical pH of poly[N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide]s gradually decreases. The dialkylamine moieties in the poly[N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide]s lead to a characteristic CO₂-response during CO₂/N₂ bubbling. The present study reveals the structure-dependent solution properties of the thermo- and pH/CO₂-responsive poly[N-[2-(dialkylamino)ethyl]acrylamide]s, and these multistimuli-responsive polymers are believed to be useful due to the controllable RAFT synthesis and tunable solution properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Name: Benzyl benzodithioate).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Benzyl benzodithioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Urea derivatives carrying a thiophenylthiazole moiety: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of antitubercular and InhA inhibitory activities was written by Keles Atici, Rueveyde;Dogan, Senguel Dilem;Guenduez, Miyase Gozde;Krishna, Vagolu Siva;Chebaiki, Melina;Homberset, Haavard;Lherbet, Christian;Mourey, Lionel;Toenjum, Tone. And the article was included in Drug Development Research in 2022.Formula: C8H4N2O This article mentions the following:

The recent emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has complicated and significantly slowed efforts to eradicate and/or reduce the worldwide incidence of life-threatening acute and chronic cases of tuberculosis. To overcome this setback, researchers have increased the intensity of their work to identify new small-mol. compounds that are expected to remain efficacious antimicrobials against Mtb. Here, we describe our effort to apply the principles of mol. hybridization to synthesize 16 compounds carrying thiophene and thiazole rings beside the core urea functionality (TTU1-TTU16). Following extensive structural characterization, the obtained compounds were initially evaluated for their antimycobacterial activity against Mtb H37Rv. Subsequently, three derivatives standing out with their anti-Mtb activity profiles and low cytotoxicity (TTU5, TTU6, and TTU12) were tested on isoniazid-resistant clin. isolates carrying katG and inhA mutations. Addnl., due to their pharmacophore similarities to the well-known InhA inhibitors, the mols. were screened for their enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) inhibitory potentials. Mol. docking studies were performed to support the exptl. enzyme inhibition data. Finally, drug-likeness of the selected compounds was established by theor. calculations of physicochem. descriptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6Formula: C8H4N2O).

3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Formula: C8H4N2O

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery and structure-activity relationship of N-(ureidoalkyl)-benzyl-piperidines as potent small molecule CC chemokine receptor-3 (CCR3) antagonists was written by De Lucca, George V.;Kim, Ui T.;Johnson, Curt;Vargo, Brian J.;Welch, Patricia K.;Covington, Maryanne;Davies, Paul;Solomon, Kimberly A.;Newton, Robert C.;Trainor, George L.;Decicco, Carl P.;Ko, Soo S.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2002.Name: 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate This article mentions the following:

Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of initial screening hits from our corporate library of compounds and a structurally related series of CCR1 receptor antagonists were used to determine that an N-(alkyl)benzylpiperidine is an essential pharmacophore for selective CCR3 antagonists. Further SAR studies that introduced N-(ureidoalkyl) substituents improved the binding potency of these compounds from the micromolar to the low nanomolar range. This new series of compounds also displays highly potent, in vitro functional CCR3-mediated antagonism of eotaxin-induced Ca²⁺ mobilization and chemotaxis of human eosinophils. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6Name: 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate).

3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Name: 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemoselective Deoxygenation of 2° Benzylic Alcohols through a Sequence of Formylation and B(C₆F₅)₃-Catalyzed Reduction was written by Richter, Sven C.;Oestreich, Martin. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Electric Literature of C10H12O3 This article mentions the following:

A sequence of formylation and B(C₆F₅)₃-catalyzed reduction of the resulting formate with Et₃SiH enables the chemoselective deoxygenation of secondary benzylic alcs. Primary benzylic and tertiary non-benzylic alcs. are not reduced by this protocol. The formyl group fulfills a double role as activator and self-sacrificing protecting group. The deoxygenation of these formates is fast and can be carried out in the presence of other potentially reducible groups. Neighboring-group participation was found in the deoxygenation of certain diol motifs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-(4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)acetate (cas: 155380-11-3Electric Literature of C10H12O3).

Methyl 2-(4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)acetate (cas: 155380-11-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Electric Literature of C10H12O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics