Month: February 2023

Synthesis and some pharmacological properties of alkyl esters of various ω-phenyl DL-amino acids was written by Schulz, Elisabeth;Sprung, W. D.;Kroening, G.. And the article was included in Pharmazie in 1983.HPLC of Formula: 10203-58-4 This article mentions the following:

DL-Ph(CH₂)_mCH(NH₂)(CH₂)_nCO₂R.HCl (I; m = 0, n = 0, 1, 2; m = 2, n = 0; R = straight- or branched-chain alkyl) (28 compounds) were prepared by esterification of the corresponding acids. Spasmolytic activities were determined in vitro and found to correlate with the length of the carbon chain in the mol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4HPLC of Formula: 10203-58-4).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. HPLC of Formula: 10203-58-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Assessment of fresh Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) drying techniques for the chemical composition of essential oil and its antioxidant and biological activity was written by Ge, Xiangzhen;Liang, Qiuhong;Long, Yao;Shen, Huishan;Zhang, Qian;Sun, Zhuangzhuang;Li, Wenhao. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

This study evaluated drying characteristics, structure and essential oil chem. composition, and biol. activity of A. galanga by hot air drying (HAD), vacuum drying (VD), freeze drying (FD). The results showed that HAD had the shortest drying time while FD could better maintain the microstructure and showed a higher essential oil yield than HAD and VD. In addition, E-nose, HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS could effectively distinguish the essential oil chem. composition of the four samples because different drying methods induced the changes in the profile and content of the compounds HS-SPME-GC-MS detected 43 compounds, of which alcs., alkenes, and esters were the main substances in fresh and dry samples. In comparison, HS-SPME-GC-IMS detected 80 compounds, including alcs., aldehydes, ketones, esters, alkenes. Overall, the FD samples showed more outstanding advantages by evaluating antioxidant properties and antibacterial activities. FD was more suitable for A. galanga drying as it maintains appearance and biol. activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Highly selective formation of unsaturated esters or cascade reactions to α,ω-diesters by the methoxycarbonylation of alkynes catalyzed by palladium complexes of 1,2-bis(ditertbutylphosphinomethyl)benzene was written by Magro, A. Alberto Nunez;Robb, Lynzi-Marie;Pogorzelec, Peter J.;Slawin, Alexandra M. Z.;Eastham, Graham R.;Cole-Hamilton, David J.. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2010.Application of 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

The methoxycarbonylation of phenylethyne catalyzed by Pd/1,2-bis-(ditertiarybutylphosphinomethyl)benzene gives the unusual linear product, Me cinnamate with high activity (initial turnover frequency, TOF_o > 1700 mol product·(mol catalyst·h)^-1) and regioselectivity (>90%). Terminal aliphatic alkynes give α,β-unsaturated esters after short reaction times or α,ω-diesters, including di-Me 1,6-hexanedioate (di-Me adipate), from 1-butyne after longer times. The diesters are formed by a cascade methoxycarbonylation-isomerization-methoxycarbonylation sequence. Methoxycarbonylation of internal alkynes (e.g. 4-octyne) gives the mono-carbonylated product as a result of the low propensity of the tri-substituted double bond of the product towards isomerization. Hydroxycarbonylation of phenylethyne gives predominantly E-3-phenylpropanoic acid with smaller amounts of branched and disubstituted products as well as 3-phenylpropanoic acid. Evidence is presented that the reactions occur via a hydride mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Application of 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Application of 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fast pyrolysis of fermentation residue derived from Saccharina japonica for a hybrid biological and thermal process was written by Choi, Jae Hyung;Kim, Seung-Soo;Kim, Jinsoo;Woo, Hee Chul. And the article was included in Energy (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2019.Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate This article mentions the following:

Pyrolysis characteristics of Saccharina japonica fermentation residue (SJFR) were systematically investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer and a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor. Thermogravimetric (TG) characteristics of the SJFRs with increasing fermentation time (1-6 day) showed a decrease of second peak related to fermentable carbohydrates (e.g., alginate and fucoidan) and an increase of third peak related to non-fermentable carbon sources. The calculated apparent activation energy of the SJFRs ranged from 20.21 to 295.46 kJ/mol, depending on the conversion rate of 5-80%. Between 10 and 40% conversion at 225-310°C, the apparent activation energies of the SJFRs on each conversion decreased with increasing the fermentation time (1-6 day). The bubbling fluidized-bed pyrolysis of the SJFR-4D and -6D showed the high bio-oil yield of 39.86 and 40.12 wt%, resp. at 375°C and 4.0 × U_mf, and the HHVs of the organic bio-oils were 28.95-29.34 MJ/kg. The characteristics of the bio-oil derived from SJFRs were analyzed by GC-MS and the TG-based simulated distillation The fractions of gas oil and heavy gas oil were increased, whereas the one of gasoline decreased with increasing fermentation time. It is attributed to a decrease of the fermented carbohydrates (e.g., alginate and fucoidan) related to the gasoline fraction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Decarboxylative Mannich Reactions with Substituted Malonic Acid Half-Oxyesters was written by Xavier, Tania;Condon, Sylvie;Pichon, Christophe;Le Gall, Erwan;Presset, Marc. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.SDS of cas: 17920-23-9 This article mentions the following:

The decarboxylative Mannich reaction between imines and substituted malonic acids half-oxyesters (SMAHOs) has been developed using 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as an organocatalyst. The reaction proceeds under simple reaction conditions and tolerates a broad range of substrates, affording general access to β²,³-aminoesters, the syn diastereomer being the major one. An alternative multicomponent protocol has also been developed to increase the overall eco-compatibility of the process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9SDS of cas: 17920-23-9).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.SDS of cas: 17920-23-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Photoredox-Induced Radical Relay toward Functionalized β-Amino Alcohol Derivatives was written by An, Xiao-De;Jiao, Yan-Yan;Zhang, Hao;Gao, Yuxiang;Yu, Shouyun. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

A radical relay strategy is described to synthesize functionalized β-amino alcs. This strategy is enabled by photoredox-catalyzed and nitrogen-centered radical-triggered cascade reactions of styrenes (or phenylacetylenes), enol derivatives, and O-acyl hydroxylamines in DMSO. The broad synthetic application of this method is demonstrated by the reaction of structurally diverse reaction components, including complex mol. scaffolds. Multiple functional groups of the resultant highly functionalized β-amino alc. derivatives facilitate their further transformations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate (cas: 185619-66-3Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate (cas: 185619-66-3) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Controlled radical copolymerization of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide and styrene based on RAFT process was written by Lu, Yan-bing;Sun, Rong-xin;Sun, Li-li;Xia, Xin-nian;Xu, Wei-jian. And the article was included in Gaofenzi Cailiao Kexue Yu Gongcheng in 2009.Quality Control of Benzyl benzodithioate This article mentions the following:

Copolymerization of N-(4-carboxyphenyl) maleimide with styrene was introduced in THF by taking S-benzyl dithiobenzoate as a RAFT reagent. Results show that the number average mol. weight of the obtained copolymers increases linearly with the increase of the monomer conversion and the distributions of the copolymers are less than 1.5, showing that the RAFT regent S-benzyl dithiobenzoate possesses a good ability to control the copolymerization of N-(4-carboxyphenyl) maleimide, with styrene. Investigations of the copolymerization at different temperatures gave the apparent activation energy about 1.39 kJ/mol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Quality Control of Benzyl benzodithioate).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Quality Control of Benzyl benzodithioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

GC-MS analysis of e-cigarette refill solutions: A comparison of flavoring composition between flavor categories was written by Krusemann, Erna J. Z.;Pennings, Jeroen L. A.;Cremers, Johannes W. J. M.;Bakker, Frank;Boesveldt, Sanne;Talhout, Reinskje. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis in 2020.Related Products of 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

Electronic cigarette refill solutions (e-liquids) are available in various flavor descriptions that can be categorized as fruit, tobacco, and more. Flavors increase sensory appeal, thereby stimulating e-cigarette use, and flavoring ingredients can contribute to e-cigarette toxicity. We aim to inform toxicologists, sensory scientists, and regulators by determining flavoring compounds in e-liquids with various flavors, and compare results between flavor categories. Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify 79 flavorings in 320 e-liquids, classified in 15 flavor categories. Ten flavorings highly prevalent in e-liquids according to information from manufacturers were quantified. Flavoring prevalence was defined as the number of e-liquids with the flavoring as percentage of the total number of e-liquids The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, repeatability, recovery, and sensitivity. The mean number of flavorings per e-liquid was 6 ± 4. Flavoring prevalence was highest for vanillin (creamy/vanilla flavor), Et butyrate (ethereal/fruity), and cis-3-hexenol (fresh/green). Based on similarities in flavoring prevalence, four clusters of categories were distinguished: (1) fruit, candy, alc., beverages; (2) dessert, coffee/tea, nuts, sweets; (3) menthol/mint; and (4) spices, tobacco, and unflavored. Categories from cluster 4 generally had less flavorings per e-liquid than fruit, candy, alc., beverages (cluster 1) and dessert (cluster 2) (p < 0.05). Flavoring concentrations varied between e-liquids within the categories. We evaluated flavoring compositions of 320 e-liquids using a simple GC-MS method. Flavoring prevalence was similar within four clusters of typically fresh/sweet, warm/sweet, fresh/cooling, and non-sweet flavor categories. To compare flavoring concentrations between individual flavor categories, addnl. research is needed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Related Products of 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Related Products of 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An Improved Preparation of Arylboronates: Application in One-Pot Suzuki Biaryl Synthesis was written by Zhu, Lei;Duquette, Jason;Zhang, Mingbao. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2003.HPLC of Formula: 525362-07-6 This article mentions the following:

The Miyaura arylboronate synthesis was modified by substituting a ligandless palladium catalyst for PdCl₂(dppf). Palladium acetate, free of ligand, was highly effective for these coupling reactions. This modified procedure is advantageous over the original Miyaura synthesis in ease of workup, catalyst removal, and low catalyst cost. Furthermore, the boronates formed in this manner can be used directly for Suzuki coupling reactions in a one-pot fashion. The biaryl products have improved impurity profiles and reduced heavy metal contamination. Thus, 4-BrC₆H₄COMe and bis(pinacolato)diboron reacted in DMF containing Pd(OAc)₂ and KOAc for 2-3 h at 80° and the cooled reaction mixture treated with 4-BrC₆H₄NO₂ in the presence of cesium carbonate and Pd(PPh₃)₄ at 80° overnight to give 1-(4′-nitrobiphenyl-4-yl)ethanone in >99% yield and >95% purity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate (cas: 525362-07-6HPLC of Formula: 525362-07-6).

Methyl 2-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzoate (cas: 525362-07-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.HPLC of Formula: 525362-07-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Volatile compositions of strawberry fruit during shelf life using pre and postharvest hexanal treatment was written by Oz, Ayse Tuelin;Kafkas, Ebru. And the article was included in Journal of Food Processing and Preservation in 2022.Product Details of 706-14-9 This article mentions the following:

Changes in volatile compositions were determined in Rubygem strawberry variety related to pre and postharvest hexanal application during shelf life. For this concern, Rubygem variety was treated with hexanal vapor and spray applications which were, doses (0%, 0.01%, 0.02%) pre and postharvest after hexanal applications strawberry fruits were stored at 2°C and RH 90% conditions. Effects of hexanal spray and vapor applications of strawberry fruit volatile profiles were analyzed with HS-SPME/GC-MS techniques. Differences among treatments were identified in volatile compositions at 3 days intervals during 15 days of shelf life. The results showed that, hexanal application type and concentration effected the percentage of volatile composition of esters, ketones, terpens, alcs., acids, aldehydes, and others during shelf life. The hexanal application form and concentration were effected the amount and composition of volatiles of Rubygem strawberry fruit. As a result, hexanal spray application has important effects on ester percentage, however, hexanal vapor treatment increased the alcs. percentage of strawberries at the end of shelf life. Practical applications : Application of organic substances of hexanal pre and postharvest season has been successfully used due to their environmentally friendly effects. Hexanal is volatile gases, organic aldehydes which are the source of plant extract and used as food additives. There are many research on hexanal application to prevent microbial growth after harvest. In the present study, hexanal spray and vapor applications were used to determined the volatiles profile strawberries fruit during shelf life. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Product Details of 706-14-9).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Product Details of 706-14-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics