Month: February 2023

Palladium-Catalyzed C2-Regioselective Perfluoroalkylation of the Free (NH)-Heteroarenes was written by Qin, Hong;Zhang, Jie;Qiao, Kai;Zhang, Dong;He, Wei;Liu, Chengkou;Fang, Zheng;Guo, Kai. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Formula: C8H11NO2 This article mentions the following:

A highly regioselective and atom-efficient strategy for the construction of fused free (NH) heteroarenes I (R = 3-Me, 4-Cl, 7-F, etc.) and II (R¹ = 2-C(O)₂Me, 3-C(O)₂Me, 3-C(O)₂Et-4-Me) through a palladium-catalyzed perfluoroalkyl insertion reaction has been accomplished. This protocol employed multiple iodofluoroalkanes R²I [R² = 1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-undecafluorocyclohexyl, 1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropyl, (benzenesulfonyl)difluoromethyl, etc.] as practical and available perfluoroalkyl sources to provide an operationally simple and versatile route for the synthesis of perfluoroalkylated indoles III. Moreover, indoles I without the assistance of guide groups were utilized as substrates, achieving C(sp2)-H site-selective functionalization of indoles I in yields up to 95%. Furthermore, this protocol was also used for late-stage C2 perfluoroalkylation of bioactive compounds such as auxin, tryptophan, and melatonin analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7Formula: C8H11NO2).

Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Formula: C8H11NO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Understanding the aroma diversity of Dancong tea (Camellia sinensis) from the floral and honey odors: Relationship between volatile compounds and sensory characteristics by chemometrics was written by Chen, Wei;Hu, Die;Miao, Aiqing;Qiu, Guangjun;Qiao, Xiaoyan;Xia, Hongling;Ma, Chengying. And the article was included in Food Control in 2022.Quality Control of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Dancong is a Chinese oolong tea famous for its aroma diversity. However, this diversity in characteristic is challenging to be clarified in either sensory or chem. aspects. In this study, the aromas from Dancong teas were characterized based on the typical odors of “floral” and “honey”. The volatile compounds underlying the odors were investigated through chemometrics. Seventy Dancong teas of various categories were collected to approx. the diversity in aroma. According to the sensory evaluation, the floral or honey odor was detected in every sample. For volatile characterization, 57 compounds were identified by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) across samples. The difference in floral and honey odors was related to volatile variation among the teas, as both the odor-based classification and the volatile-based unsupervised learning analyses yielded consistent sample clustering patterns. Nine volatiles were identified as putative markers for the odor difference, where indole, (E)-nerolidol, 2-phenylacetonitrile, and γ-caprolactone accounted for the floral odor predominance, while hexyl 2-methylbutanoate, (Z)-3-hexenyl pentanoate, (Z)-linalool oxide (pyranoid), (E)-linalool oxide (furanoid), and (Z)-linalool oxide (furanoid) contributed to the honey odor perception. These results point to a volatile-endorsed categorization framework based on the floral and honey odors that can assist in Dancong aroma quality control. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Quality Control of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Quality Control of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ruthenium-catalyzed stereospecific benzylic alkylation of optically active benzyl esters with malonate nucleophiles was written by Tsuji, Hiroaki;Suzuki, Koki;Kawatsura, Motoi. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2021.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate This article mentions the following:

Herein, the study for the ruthenium-catalyzed benzylic alkylation of chiral benzyl esters with malonates as a carbon nucleophile was described. A combination of [Cp*RuCl₂]₂ and picolinic acid found to be effective for the title reaction, provided the chiral benzylic alkylation products with retention of stereochem. of the starting material. The ruthenium catalysis was proceed via a double inversion mechanism was proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Methylation of mono- and dicarboxylic acids with dimethyl carbonate catalyzed with binder-free zeolite NaY was written by Khusnutdinov, R. I.;Shchadneva, N. A.;Mayakova, Yu. Yu.;Konovalova, Yu. S.;Khazipova, A. N.;Kutepov, B. I.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2017.Recommanded Product: 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

Me mono- and dicarboxylates were synthesized by treating the corresponding acids with di-Me carbonate in the presence of a heterogenic catalyst, crystalline aluminosilicate whose mech. strong granules were built of 90-95% of crystal aggregates of zeolite Y with modulus of about 5.0 in the Na-form. Optimum catalyst and reagent ratio and the reaction conditions were found for the preparation of Me esters of mono- and dicarboxylic acids in high yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Recommanded Product: 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Recommanded Product: 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The design, synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally restricted 4-substituted-2,6-dimethylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidines as multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase and microtubule inhibitors as potential antitumor agents was written by Zhang, Xin;Raghavan, Sudhir;Ihnat, Michael;Hamel, Ernest;Zammiello, Cynthia;Bastian, Anja;Mooberry, Susan L.;Gangjee, Aleem. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2015.Formula: C10H14O4 This article mentions the following:

A series of eleven conformationally restricted, 4-substituted 2,6-dimethylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidines was designed to explore the bioactive conformation required for dual inhibition of microtubule assembly and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and their biol. activities are reported. All three rotatable single bonds in the lead compound were sequentially restricted to address the role of each in SAR for microtubule and RTK inhibitory effects. Several compounds showed microtubule depolymerizing activity comparable to or better than the lead compound, some with nanomolar EC₅₀ values. One compound had no effect on microtubules, others showed potent RTK inhibition with nanomolar IC₅₀s. These compounds confirm that the bioactive conformation for RTK inhibition is different from that for tubulin inhibition. A tetrahydroquinoline analog showed the most potent dual tubulin inhibitors (i.e., tubulin polymerization inhibitors, microtubule-disrupting agents) and RTK inhibitory activities [i.e., low nanomolar inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and platelet derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFR-β)]. The tetrahydroquinoline analog has highly potent activity against many NCI cancer cell lines, including several chemo-resistant cell lines, and could serve as a lead for further preclin. studies. The synthesis of the target compounds was achieved by a reaction of 4-chloro-2,6-dimethylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine with amine derivatives, such as benzenamine derivatives, benzofuranamine derivatives, tetrahydroquinoline derivatives, indole derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Formula: C10H14O4).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Formula: C10H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Spatial action of mosquito repellents was written by Schreck, Carl E.;Gilbert, Irwin H.;Weidhaas, D. E.;Posey, Kenneth H.. And the article was included in Journal of Economic Entomology in 1970.Name: Benzyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate This article mentions the following:

The spatial action for selected repellents to Aedes aegypti (mosquito) was studied in an olfactometer. Of 44 compounds evaluated, all but 1 significantly reduced the approach of mosquitoes to within 15 in. of treated hands; 16 caused outstanding reduction of approach. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate (cas: 19444-23-6Name: Benzyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate).

Benzyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate (cas: 19444-23-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Name: Benzyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Activity of a Selenium-Containing Galectin-3 and Galectin-9N Inhibitor was written by Di Gaetano, Sonia;Pirone, Luciano;Galdadas, Ioannis;Traboni, Serena;Iadonisi, Alfonso;Pedone, Emilia;Saviano, Michele;Gervasio, Francesco Luigi;Capasso, Domenica. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 4163-60-4 This article mentions the following:

Galectins are soluble β-D-galactoside-binding proteins whose implication in cancer progression and disease outcome makes them prominent targets for therapeutic intervention. In this frame, the development of small inhibitors that block selectively the activity of galectins represents an important strategy for cancer therapy which is, however, still relatively underdeveloped. To this end, we designed here a rationally and efficiently novel diglycosylated compound, characterized by a selenoglycoside bond and the presence of a lipophilic benzyl group at both saccharide residues. The relatively high binding affinity of the new compound to the carbohydrate recognition domain of two galectins, galectin 3 and galectin 9, its good antiproliferative and anti-migration activity towards melanoma cells, as well as its anti-angiogenesis properties, pave the way for its further development as an anticancer agent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4HPLC of Formula: 4163-60-4).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.HPLC of Formula: 4163-60-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A high-resolution Orbitrap Mass spectral library for trace volatile compounds in fruit wines was written by Liu, Yaran;Li, Na;Li, Xiaoyao;Qian, Wenchao;Liu, Jiani;Su, Qingyu;Chen, Yixin;Zhang, Bolin;Zhu, Baoqing;Cheng, Jinxin. And the article was included in Scientific Data in 2022.Electric Literature of C10H18O2 This article mentions the following:

The overall aroma is an important factor of the sensory quality of fruit wines, which attributed to hundreds of volatile compounds However, the qual. determination of trace volatile compounds is considered to be very challenging work. GC-Orbitrap-MS with high resolution and high sensitivity provided more possibilities for the determination of volatile compounds, but without the high-resolution mass spectral library. For accuracy of qual. determination in fruit wines by GC-Orbitrap-MS, a high-resolution mass spectral library, including 76 volatile compounds, was developed in this study. Not only the HRMS spectrum but also the exact ion fragment, relative abundance, retention indexes (RI), CAS number, chem. structure diagram, aroma description and aroma threshold (ortho-nasally) were provided and were shown in a database website (Food Flavor Laboratory, http://foodflavorlab.cn/). HRMS library was used to successfully identify the volatile compounds mentioned above in 16 fruit wines (5 blueberry wines, 6 goji berry wines and 5 hawthorn wines). The library was developed as an important basis for further understanding of trace volatile compounds in fruit wines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Electric Literature of C10H18O2).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Electric Literature of C10H18O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis, and cytotoxicity evaluation of threonine-based galactoceramide with aromatic groups and various fatty-acyl side chains was written by Vudhgiri, Srikanth;Routhu, Sunitha Rani;Kumar, C. Ganesh;Prasad, R. B. N.;Reddy Jala, Ram Chandra. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry Research in 2018.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate This article mentions the following:

In galactoceramides, presence of fatty-acyl group on amide moiety or phytosphingosine group is some of the important features that influence the cytotoxicity. Continuous efforts are in progress to modify the fatty-acid moiety and phytosphingosine group present on the galactoceramides to enhance the cytotoxic potential of these compounds Hence, in the present study, threonine-based β-galactoceramide and its derivatives were prepared by modifying the fatty-acyl group on amide moiety with different fatty-acyl moieties and aromatic acids employing trichloroacetimidate methodol. The structurally related threonine-based ceramide part was synthesized in multi-step process using different reagents. The ceramide part was glycosylated with galactose using trichloroacetimidate as donor. Further, all the synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines and one normal cell line and all the compounds exhibited good to moderate cytotoxicity against all the tested cancer cell lines. In aromatic derivatives, the compound I exhibited promising activity against MCF7, A549 and HeLa cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 14.08, 14.78, and 16.70 μM, resp. In fatty-acid derivatives, two compounds exhibited promising activity, i.e., compound II against HeLa with IC₅₀ value 16.34 μM and compound III against MCF7 with IC₅₀ value 18.05 μM. Based on structure-activity relationship, aromatic acid derivatives exhibited potential activity as compared to fatty-acid derivatives Further, the influence of some of the key factors such as spacer chain length between aromatic residue and amide functional group, methoxy substituents on aryl group, terminal unsaturation of fatty acid and branching chain effect on the cytotoxicity are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Molecular mechanism of high pressure shear grinding on Feng-flavour Chinese Baijiu ageing was written by Jia, Wei;Fan, Zibian;Du, An;Shi, Lin. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.SDS of cas: 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

Ultrahigh-pressure homogenization is a powerful technique for accelerating Baijiu ageing. In this study, the mol. mechanism of artificial ageing was thoroughly investigated utilizing foodomics combined with a mass spectrum information optimization program. Various characterizations of compounds in the ageing process were performed through ultra high performance liquid chromatog. quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap) based colloid theoretics. High-pressure shear grinding provides a high-pressure and high-temperature environment for Baijiu, accelerating the formation of flavor compounds and the decomposition of odor and harmful substances, thus improving the sensory characteristics of Feng-flavor Baijiu and shortening the ageing time. A total of 2069 substances were identified according to fragment spectra and Bayesian network model-based peak distribution. Mols. with VIP > 1, including 14 esters, 10 acids, 4 ketones, 3 aldehydes, 2 alcs. and 2 phenols, were quantified as potential markers of chemometric anal. A novel prediction model for Baijiu ageing degree was furnished, and ageing years of Feng-flavor Chinese Baijiu were accurately predicted by factor anal. with KMO 0.784 and a polynomial regression model with r 0.94. The results demonstrated that in 400 bar, fresh distilled Baijiu could reach a natural ageing effect of 6.43 years, which was consistent with the sensory evaluation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6SDS of cas: 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.SDS of cas: 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics