Month: February 2023

GC characterization and erectogenic enzyme inhibitory effect of essential oils from tangerine and lemon peels: A comparative study was written by Idowu Oyeleye, Sunday;Ajayi, Oluwasegun E.;Ademosun, Ayokunle O.;Oboh, Ganiyu. And the article was included in Flavour and Fragrance Journal in 2022.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

This study comparatively evaluated inhibitory effect of essential oils (EOs) from tangerine and lemon peels on some enzymes [angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), arginase, monoamine oxidase (MAO), phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and 5-nucleotidase] related to erectile dysfunction (ED), as well as thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARs) level in isolated Wistar albino rats penile homogenate. In addition, the chem. compositions of these EOs were characterized via gas chromatog. coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The result revealed that the studied EOs were able to inhibit these erectogenic enzymes and TBARs level in a dose-dependent manner. The EOs were found to be rich in monoterpenes hydrocarbon. However, the major constituent in both oils was D-limonene, 45.48% and 34.99% abundance in lemon and tangerine EOs, resp. Other phytoconstituents detected in substantial amounts include the following: 4-Vinyl-2-methoxyphenol (5.42% and 2.97%), N-methyl-D3-Aziridine (6.58% and 10.01%) and Xanthotoxin (12.055 and 18.7%) for lemon and tangerine EOs, resp. It is suggestive that these EOs owe their exceptional inhibitory capacities to the availability of these phytochems. Hence, their ability to inhibit ACE, AChE, arginase, MAO, PDE-5, ADA and 5-nucleotidase activities, and TBARs level could be the possible mechanism by which the studied EOs exert their therapeutic potentials in the management of ED. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and properties of carbamate- and amine-containing poly(phenylacetylenes) was written by Saeed, Irfan;Khan, Fareha Zafar;Shiotsuki, Masashi;Masuda, Toshio. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry in 2009.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

The 3- and 4-aminophenylacetylenes protected by t-butoxycarbonyl (t-Boc) and 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) groups were synthesized and polymerized using [(nbd)RhCl]₂ (I) and [(nbd)Rh⁺-鐣?sup>6-PhB^–Ph₃] catalysts. The t-Boc-containing polymers were obtained in high yield (82-91%). Among the Fmoc-protected monomers, the para-derivative polymerized well [yield = 85-94%], whereas its meta-substituted analog did not afford high mol. weight polymer in good yield [yield = 10-15%]. The use of KN(SiMe₃)₂ as a cocatalyst in conjunction with I led to a dramatic increase in the mol. weight of the polymers. The acid- and base-catalyzed removal of the t-Boc and the Fmoc groups, resp., generated primary amine-containing polymers which cannot be obtained directly by the polymerization of the corresponding monomers. The solubility characteristics of the polymers bearing protected amino groups were quite different from those of the unprotected ones, the former being soluble in polar solvents, whereas the latter displayed poor solubility even in polar protic or highly polar aprotic solvents. The attempts to accomplish the free-standing membrane fabrication by solution casting were successful only for 3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)phenylacetylene homopolymer, and an augmentation in the gas permeability and CO₂/N₂ permselectivity was discerned in comparison with the unsubstituted poly(phenylacetylene) and poly(m-t-butyldimethylsiloxyphenylacetylene). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate (cas: 185619-66-3Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate (cas: 185619-66-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Determination of phthalate esters in bottled beverages by direct immersion solid-phase microextraction with a porous boron nitride coated fiber followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was written by Zang, Xiaohuan;Wang, Mengting;Chang, Qingyun;Wang, Chun;Wang, Zhi;Xu, Jianzhong. And the article was included in Journal of Separation Science in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate This article mentions the following:

A porous boron nitride with a large surface area was synthesized by a one-step grinding method with melamine, urea, and boric acid as the precursors. The prepared porous boron nitride was used as the fiber coating material for the solid-phase microextraction of seven phthalate esters (di-Et phthalate, diallyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, di-Bu phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) prior to their gas chromatog.-mass spectrometric detection. The important exptl. parameters including the extraction time, extraction temperature, salt concentration, and stirring rate were optimized by both single factor and central composite design methods. Under the optimized exptl. conditions, the linear response range for the analytes was from 0.030 to 30.0娓璯/L, and the limits of detection were from 0.010 to 0.040娓璯/L, resp. The relative recoveries of the analytes for spiked samples at two concentration levels were 83.0%-109% with the relative standard deviations less than 12%. The established method was successfully applied for the determination of the phthalate esters in bottled juice beverage samples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of 4,5-Diaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-ol Derivatives as Potential COX-2 Inhibitors was written by Patel, Meena V.;Bell, Randy;Majest, Sandra;Henry, Rodger;Kolasa, Teodozyj. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2004.Computed Properties of C10H11FO2 This article mentions the following:

4,5-Diaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-ol was utilized as a versatile template to synthesize several classes of compounds such as pyrazolooxazines, pyrazolobenzooxazines, pyrazolooxazoles, and annulated pyrazolooxazoles as potential COX-2 inhibitors. The pyrano- and thiopyranopyrazolooxazoles were successfully synthesized with use of pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate mediated cyclization of ketal intermediates. Diarylpyrazolobenzooxazepine analogs were synthesized by using Cu-mediated cyclization of O-alkylated aryl bromide intermediate. Arylsulfonamides were synthesized efficiently on a large scale with the 4-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzenesulfonamide template readily synthesized from com. available 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid. The structure of a representative compound from each class was confirmed by X-ray crystallog. Selected compounds tested for inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes showed good selectivity for COX-2 vs. COX-1 enzyme. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2Computed Properties of C10H11FO2).

Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Computed Properties of C10H11FO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Orthogonally positioned diamino pyrrole- and imidazole-containing polyamides: synthesis of 1-(3-substituted-propyl)-4-nitropyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and 1-(3-chloropropyl)-4-nitroimidazole-2-carboxylic acid was written by Satam, Vijay;Patil, Pravin;Babu, Balaji;Rice, Toni;Porte, Alexander;Alger, Shannon;Zeller, Matthias;Lee, Moses. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2014.HPLC of Formula: 5930-92-7 This article mentions the following:

Pyrrole- and imidazole-containing oligoamides can be tailored to recognize the DNA 6-8 base pair sequence. Adding a second amino group via the N(1)-position of pyrrole or imidazole in oligoamides could enhance their DNA-binding affinity and water-solubility while retaining sequence specificity. Synthesis of the key 1-substituted 4-nitropyrrole (and imidazole)-2-carboxylic acid building blocks are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (cas: 5930-92-7HPLC of Formula: 5930-92-7).

Ethyl 4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (cas: 5930-92-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.HPLC of Formula: 5930-92-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Glycomimetic-Conjugated Photosensitizer for Specific Pseudomonas aeruginosa Recognition and Targeted Photodynamic Therapy was written by Zhao, Yu;Lu, Zhentan;Dai, Xiaomei;Wei, Xiaosong;Yu, Yunjian;Chen, Xuelei;Zhang, Xinge;Li, Chaoxing. And the article was included in Bioconjugate Chemistry in 2018.Electric Literature of C16H22O11 This article mentions the following:

Due to the rapid development of bacterial resistance, there is an urgent need to explore new antibacterial agents to substitute for traditional antibiotic therapy. Photodynamic therapy has been identified as a promising bactericidal method to conquer antibiotic-resistant pathogens. To solve the problem of photosensitizer damage to normal tissues in vivo, we developed a boron-dipyrrolemethene (BODIPY)-based glycosylated photosensitizer for ablating Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). This glycosylated photosensitizer exhibited good water solubility and generated ¹O₂ rapidly in an aqueous solution under light exposure. The photosensitizer did not cause detectable toxicity to human cells in the dark. Importantly, the photosensitizer was able to selectively attach to P. aeruginosa over normal cells, thus resulting in effective pathogen ablation by reactive oxygen species. Moreover, the photosensitizer inhibited over 90% of the biofilm formation produced by P. aeruginosa. The results indicate that the design of the macromol. photosensitizer-induced bacterial death and inhibited biofilm formation provide a novel strategy for overcoming bacterial infection. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4Electric Literature of C16H22O11).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Electric Literature of C16H22O11

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Privileged structure based ligands for melanocortin receptors – Substituted benzylic piperazine derivatives was written by Fisher, Matthew J.;Backer, Ryan T.;Collado, Ivan;De Frutos, Oscar;Husain, Saba;Hsiung, Hansen M.;Kuklish, Steve L.;Mateo, Ana I.;Mullaney, Jeffrey T.;Ornstein, Paul L.;Paredes, Cristina Garcia;O’Brian, Thomas P.;Richardson, Timothy I.;Shah, Jikesh;Zgombick, John M.;Briner, Karin. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2005.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate This article mentions the following:

Replacement of the arylpiperazine moiety in I with a variety of substituted benzylic piperazines yields compounds that afford melanocortin receptor 4 (MCR4) activity. Analogs with ortho substitution on the aromatic ring afforded the highest affinity. Resolution of the stereocenter of the benzylic piperazine based privileged structure revealed that the R-enantiomer was more active. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate (cas: 584-74-7Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate).

Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate (cas: 584-74-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-fluorophenylacetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

FimH antagonists – solubility vs. permeability was written by Pang, Lijuan;Bezencon, Jacqueline;Kleeb, Simon;Rabbani, Said;Sigl, Anja;Smiesko, Martin;Sager, Christoph P.;Eris, Deniz;Schwardt, Oliver;Ernst, Beat. And the article was included in Carbohydrate Chemistry in 2017.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are among the most prevalent infections worldwide. Since frequent antibiotic treatment favors the emergence of antibiotic resistance, efficient non-antibiotic strategies are urgently needed. The first step of the pathogenesis of UTI is the bacterial adherence to urothelial host cells, a process mediated by the mannose-binding adhesin FimH located at the tip of bacterial pili. In a preliminary study, biphenyl 浼?D-mannopyranosides with an electron-withdrawing carboxylate on the aglycon were identified as potent FimH antagonists. Although passive permeability could be established by masking the carboxylate as an ester, insufficient solubility and fast hydrolysis did not allow to maintain the therapeutic concentration in the bladder for the requested period of time. By modifying the substitution pattern, mol. planarity and symmetry of the biphenyl aglycon could be disrupted leading to improved solubility In addition, when heteroatoms were introduced to the aglycon, antagonists with further improved solubility, metabolic stability as well as passive permeability were obtained. The best representative, the pyrrolylphenyl mannoside 42f exhibited therapeutic urine concentration for up to 6 h and is therefore a promising oral candidate for UTI prevention and/or treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical constituents from the rhizomes of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. and anti-inflammatory activity in RAW264.7 macrophage cells was written by Zhao, Huan;Wang, Qiao-Lian;Hou, Shu-Bing;Chen, Guang. And the article was included in Natural Product Research in 2019.Reference of 1190-39-2 This article mentions the following:

Chem. investigation of the rhizomes of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. led to the identification of 27 constituents. Among them, a total of 16 compounds were obtained from Polygonatum for the first time, in which, and were also firstly isolated as natural products. Anti-inflammatory activity studies on 13 isolated compounds showed that 灏?carboline constituents, especially compounds and , significantly inhibited the expression of NO, TNF-浼? IL-6 and IL-1灏?in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Moreover, western blotting anal. demonstrated that compound significantly inhibited the expression of COX-2, iNOS and the activation of NF-榄廈, suggesting that 灏?carboline structures may play an important role in inhibition of NF-榄廈 signaling pathway, which thereby inhibits the production of inflammatory factors. The present research may not only help further elucidation of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of P. sibiricum Red., but also provide the potential bioactive mols. for inflammatory diseases research. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Reference of 1190-39-2).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Reference of 1190-39-2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Regio- and Stereoselective Modification of Chiral 浼?Amino Ketones by Pd-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation was written by Huwig, Kai;Schultz, Katharina;Kazmaier, Uli. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2015.Electric Literature of C16H24N2O4 This article mentions the following:

Chiral 浼?amino ketones are excellent nucleophiles for stereoselective palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylations. Both chiral as well as achiral allylic substrates can be applied, while the stereochem. outcome of the reaction is controlled by the chiral ketone enolate. The substituted amino ketones formed can be reduced stereoselectively, and up to five consecutive stereogenic centers can be obtained. This approach can be used for the synthesis of highly substituted piperidine derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-tert-Butyl (1-(methoxy(methyl)amino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 87694-53-9Electric Literature of C16H24N2O4).

(S)-tert-Butyl (1-(methoxy(methyl)amino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 87694-53-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Electric Literature of C16H24N2O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics