Month: February 2023

Organotin-catalyzed synthesis of hydroxyalkylamides from lactones via a ring-opening process was written by Liang, Xiayu;Yu, Peng;Fu, Chen;Shen, Yongcun. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

A new strategy for the facile synthesis of hydroxyalkylamides through the ring-opening reaction of lactones with amine promoted by dibutyltin acetate was developed. A series of hydroxyalkylamide compounds were obtained and the method was successfully applied to the synthesis of pharmaceutically active mols. tyrosinase inhibitor V and HDAC inhibitor VI via a three-step synthetic pathway. The broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions and practical application proved the effectiveness, compatibility and practicality of this method. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Application In Synthesis of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 绾?valerolactone.Application In Synthesis of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Systematic Study of the Relationship between Molecular and Crystal Structure among 3,5-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,6-diones was written by Brewer, Jason T.;Parkin, Sean;Grossman, Robert B.. And the article was included in Crystal Growth & Design in 2004.Synthetic Route of C11H20O4 This article mentions the following:

A simple, convergent synthesis of 3,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,6-diones (bicyclic N,N’-diacylaminals) has been developed, providing access to a large series of compounds differing only in their substituents at the bridgehead positions. These compounds crystallize in several different forms, but always in such a way that each mol. forms four hydrogen bonds. The sheer number of bicyclic amidals that can be synthesized and crystallized provides an opportunity to elucidate crystal-engineering structure-structure relationship (SSR) principles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4Synthetic Route of C11H20O4).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Synthetic Route of C11H20O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of substituted benzenoids and biphenyls via Diels-Alder cycloaddition of 6-methoxy-2-pyrones was written by Ahmed, Salman A.;Bardshiri, Esfandiar;Simpson, Thomas J.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1988.HPLC of Formula: 81245-24-1 This article mentions the following:

Pyranones I (R¹ = alkyl, Ph; R² = H, Me) were heated with R³C椤氬挵CO₂Me (R³ = CO₂Me, H) in PhMe to give benzoate esters II. Esters R¹CO₂Et underwent a Grignard reaction with CH₂:CHCHR²Br and the products were converted, in a series of reactions, to I. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzoate (cas: 81245-24-1HPLC of Formula: 81245-24-1).

Methyl 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzoate (cas: 81245-24-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.HPLC of Formula: 81245-24-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel carbohydrate modified berberine derivatives: synthesis and in vitro anti-diabetic investigation was written by Han, Liwen;Sheng, Wenlong;Li, Xiaobin;Sik, Attila;Lin, Houwen;Liu, Kechun;Wang, Lizhen. And the article was included in MedChemComm in 2019.Related Products of 4163-60-4 This article mentions the following:

Berberine is a bioactive alkaloid used in Chinese medicine and has numerous pos. effects on biol. systems. This paper describes the facile and highly efficient synthesis of some carbohydrate modified berberine derivatives, and conjugation of the carbohydrate moiety with berberine was finished by “click” chem. The cytotoxicity and anti-diabetic measurements of all berberine derivatives were accomplished on HepG2 cell lines, and the results indicated that most of the derivatives exhibit higher anti-diabetic activity than berberine. The mannose modified berberine derivative has significantly lower cytotoxicity than berberine, and the induced IC50 value of this derivative is nearly 1.5 times that of berberine. Furthermore, this mannose modified berberine derivative exhibits high anti-diabetic activity at both high and low drug concentrations, thereby indicating its potential application for the development of novel anti-diabetic drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4Related Products of 4163-60-4).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Related Products of 4163-60-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

FeCl₃-Promoted [3 + 2] Annulations of 绾?Butyrolactone Fused Cyclopropanes with Heterocumulenes was written by Feng, Manli;Yang, Pengfei;Yang, Gaosheng;Chen, Wenlong;Chai, Zhuo. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2018.Product Details of 2740-88-7 This article mentions the following:

In the presence of FeCl₃ in 1,2-dichloroethane, cyclopropane-fused 绾?lactones such as I (R = Me, Et; R¹ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 3-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄) underwent regio- and diastereoselective cycloadditions with isothiocyanates R³NCS (R³ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, 3-O₂NC₆H₄, 2-O₂NC₆H₄, PhCH₂, 4-FC₆H₄CH₂, H₂C:CHCH₂, PhCH₂CH₂, Bu, cyclohexyl) and carbodiimides R⁴N:C:NR⁴ (R⁴ = cyclohexyl, i-Pr) to yield thioimidate- and amidine-containing 绾?lactones such as II (R = Me, Et; R¹ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 3-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R³ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, 3-O₂NC₆H₄, 2-O₂NC₆H₄, PhCH₂, 4-FC₆H₄CH₂, H₂C:CHCH₂, PhCH₂CH₂, Bu, cyclohexyl) and III (R = Et; R¹ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R⁴ = cyclohexyl, i-Pr) in 93-99% and 94-99% yields, resp., as single diastereomers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7Product Details of 2740-88-7).

4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Product Details of 2740-88-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparative study of three Achillea essential oils from eastern part of Turkey and their biological activities was written by Demirci, Betul;Baser, K. Husnu Can;Aytac, Zeki;Khan, Shabana I.;Jacob, Melissa R.;Tabanca, Nurhayat. And the article was included in Records of Natural Products in 2018.Product Details of 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed both by gas chromatog. (GC) and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main constituents found in Achillea oil were as follows: A. filipendulina Lam.: 43.8% santolina alc., 14.5% 1,8-cineole and 12.5% cis-chrysanthenyl acetate; A. magnifica Hiemerl ex Hub.-Mor.: 27.5% linalool, 5.8% spathulenol, 5.5% terpinen-4-ol, 4.7% 浼?terpineol and 4.7% 灏?eudesmol; A. tenuifolia Lam.: 12.4% artemisia ketone, 9.9% p-cymene, 7.1% camphor, 5.9% terpinen-4-ol, 4.7% caryophyllene oxide and 4.5% 浼?pinene. Furthermore, the Achillea essential oils were evaluated for antimalarial and antimicrobial activities. A. magnifica and A. filipendulina oils showed strong antimalarial activity against both chloroquine sensitive D6 (IC₅₀= 1.2 and 0.68 娓璯/mL) and chloroquine resistant W2 (IC₅₀= 1.1 and 0.9 娓璯/mL) strains of Plasmodium falciparum without any cytotoxicity to mammalian cells up to IC₅₀=47.6 娓璯/mL against Vero cells whereas A. tenuifolia oil showed no antimalarial activity up to a concentration of 20 mg/mL. All three Achillea oils showed no antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria up to a concentration of 200 娓璯/mL. A. tenuifolia and A. magnifica oils demonstrated mild antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans (IC₅₀= 45, 20 and 15 娓璯/mL, resp.). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Product Details of 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Product Details of 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, structural activity-relationships, and biological evaluation of novel amide-based allosteric binding site antagonists in NR1A/NR2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors was written by Mosley, Cara A.;Myers, Scott J.;Murray, Ernest E.;Santangelo, Rose;Tahirovic, Yesim A.;Kurtkaya, Natalie;Mullasseril, Praseeda;Yuan, Hongjie;Lyuboslavsky, Polina;Le, Phuong;Wilson, Lawrence J.;Yepes, Manuel;Dingledine, Ray;Traynelis, Stephen F.;Liotta, Dennis C.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate This article mentions the following:

The synthesis and structure-activity relationship anal. of a novel class of amide-based biaryl NR2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists are presented. Some of the studied compounds are potent, selective, non-competitive, and voltage-independent antagonists of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors. Like the founding member of this class of antagonists (ifenprodil), several interesting compounds of the series bind to the amino terminal domain of the NR2B subunit to inhibit function. Analog potency is modulated by linker length, flexibility, and hydrogen bonding opportunities. However, unlike previously described classes of NR2B-selective NMDA antagonists that exhibit off-target activity at a variety of monoamine receptors, the compounds described herein show much diminished effects against the hERG channel and 浼?sub>1-adrenergic receptors. Selections of the compounds discussed have acceptable half-lives in vivo and are predicted to permeate the blood-brain barrier. These data together suggest that masking charged atoms on the linker region of NR2B-selective antagonists can decrease undesirable side effects while still maintaining on-target potency. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate (cas: 20637-09-6Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate).

Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate (cas: 20637-09-6) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lectin and E. coli binding to carbohydrate-functionalized oligo(ethylene glycol)-based microgels: effect of elastic modulus, crosslinker and carbohydrate density was written by Schroeer, Fabian;Paul, Tanja J.;Wilms, Dimitri;Saatkamp, Torben H.;Jaeck, Nicholas;Mueller, Janita;Strzelczyk, Alexander K.;Schmidt, Stephan. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.SDS of cas: 4163-60-4 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of carbohydrate-functionalized biocompatible poly oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate microgels and the anal. of the specific binding to Con A (ConA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) is shown. By using different crosslinkers, the microgels閳?size, d. and elastic modulus were varied. Given similar mannose (Man) functionalization degrees, the softer microgels show increased ConA uptake, possibly due to increased ConA diffusion in the less dense microgel network. Furthermore, although the microgels did not form clusters with E. coli in solution, surfaces coated with mannose-functionalized microgels are shown to bind the bacteria whereas galactose (Gal) and unfunctionalized microgels show no binding. While ConA binding depends on the overall microgels閳?d. and Man functionalization degree, E. coli binding to microgels閳?surfaces appears to be largely unresponsive to changes of these parameters, indicating a rather promiscuous surface recognition and sufficiently strong anchoring to few surface-exposed Man units. Overall, these results indicate that carbohydrate-functionalized biocompatible oligo(ethylene glycol)-based microgels are able to immobilize carbohydrate binding pathogens specifically and that the binding of free lectins can be controlled by the network d. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4SDS of cas: 4163-60-4).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.SDS of cas: 4163-60-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Theoretical and practical investigations of copper ion selective electrode with polymeric membrane based on N,N’-(2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)-bis(dihydroxyacetophenone) was written by Ghanei-Motlagh, Masoud;Taher, Mohammad Ali;Saheb, Vahid;Fayazi, Maryam;Sheikhshoaie, Iran. And the article was included in Electrochimica Acta in 2011.Name: Dimethyl decanedioate This article mentions the following:

A novel ion-selective poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane sensor for Cu²⁺ ions based on N,N’-(2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)-bis(dihydroxyacetophenone) (NDHA) as a new ionophore was prepared and studied. The best performance was observed for the membrane composition, including 30:65:1:4 (wt%) = PVC:DBP:KTpClPB:NDHA. The electrode showed a good Nernstian slope of 30.0 鍗?0.5 mV/decade in a wide linear range activity of 3.0 鑴?10^-7 to 1.0 鑴?10^-2 mol dm^-3 Cu(NO₃)₂ with limit of detection 2.5 鑴?10^-7. Sensor exhibited a fast response time (t _95% < 10 s) and could be used for 閳? mo in the pH range of 3.0-7.4. The proposed potentiometric sensor was found to work satisfactorily in partially nonaqueous media up to 30 (vol%) content of MeOH, EtOH and acetone. Applications of this electrode for the determination of Cu in real samples, and as an indicator electrode for potentiometric titration of Cu²⁺ ion using EDTA, are reported. To predict the extraction ability of NDHA for different metallic ions, [M(NDHA)] and [M(H₂O)₆] (M = Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ag⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, K⁺ and Al³⁺) were studied using ab initio theor. calculations The metal binding capability was evaluated using the binding energy. Results of the authors’ study could be useful for prediction of the extraction power of this Schiff base and could play a guiding role in planning experiments In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Name: Dimethyl decanedioate).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Dimethyl decanedioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

^tBuOLi-Promoted Hydroboration of Esters and Epoxides was written by Shi, Yinyin;Wang, Yue;Huang, Zhefan;Zhang, Fangjun;Shao, Yinlin. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Reference of 19432-68-9 This article mentions the following:

Com. available and inexpensive lithium tert-butoxide (tBuOLi) acts as a good precatalyst for the hydroboration of esters, lactones, and epoxides using pinacolborane as a borylation agent. Functional groups such as cyano-, nitro-, amino-, vinyl, and alkynyl are unaffected under the presented hydroboration process, representing high chemoselectivity. This transformation has also been effectively applied to the synthesis of key intermediates of Erlotinib and Cinacalcet. Preliminary investigations of the mechanism show that the hydroboration proceeds through the in situ formed BH₃ species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Reference of 19432-68-9).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 19432-68-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics