Month: February 2023

An Influence of Nano-Sized Fillers Fe₃O₄, ZnO on the Thermal Oxidation Resistance of Inhibited Polyethylene was written by Vorobyova, E. V.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry in 2021.Recommanded Product: 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) This article mentions the following:

Abstract: The effect of fillers, metal oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄, ZnO), on the thermal oxidation resistance of polyethylene inhibited by the phenolic antioxidant Irganox 1010 was studied. The distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix was carried out by ultrasound, and the samples were formed by thermal pressing. Thermal oxidation resistance was determined by the duration of the induction oxidation period of film samples. It is shown that the pressure of the press during the formation of the material has a significant effect on the thermal oxidation resistance of the inhibited composite, both filled with nanoparticles of Fe₃O₄, ZnO, and unfilled. The nature of the effect of the concentration of the nanofiller on the thermal oxidation resistance of the samples depends on the metal oxide used. An increase in the concentration of the filler Fe₃O₄ leads to a decrease in the thermal oxidation resistance of the polymer; when using ZnO, this dependence is inverse. The oxidation of the prepared nanocomposite film samples formed under high pressure conditions revealed synergistic effects of nanofillers and antioxidants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Recommanded Product: 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate)).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Recommanded Product: 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate)

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Cocktail of Industrial Chemicals in Lipstick and Nail Polish: Profiles and Health Implications was written by Tang, Shuqin;Chen, Yukun;Song, Guixian;Liu, Xiaotu;Shi, Yumeng;Xie, Qitong;Chen, Da. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology Letters in 2021.Application of 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

Beauty products contain various industrial chems. to increase their functionality and appearance. The frequent use of beauty products may increase human exposure to industrial chems., but to date, their chem. components remain poorly characterized. Our work characterized the chem. components in lipstick and nail polish by screening for a total of 231 chems. from seven categories, including organophosphate esters (OPEs), phthalate esters (PAEs), non-PAE plasticizers, bisphenol analogs, parabens, UV stabilizers, and antioxidants. Their total concentrations ranged from 38.9 to 3810 μg/g (median of 193 μg/g) and from 18.6 to 1910 μg/g (307 μg/g) in lipstick (n = 34) and nail polish (n = 15), resp. The chem. compositions differed between lipstick and nail polish, but non-PAE plasticizers generally dominated over other groups of chems. A number of emerging plasticizers, OPEs, and UV stabilizers have rarely been reported in personal care products or environmental samples but were found at very high levels in beauty products, raising concern about their environmental release and human exposure risk. Although the employment of a hazard quotient approach suggested low health risks for exposure to industrial chems. from the use of beauty products, potential mixture effects from the chem. cocktail and occupational exposure to beauty products should not be overlooked. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Application of 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Application of 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effects of shielding of the carbonyl group in the alkaline hydrolysis of monoalkyl-substituted diethyl malonates was written by Kamalov, G. L.;Tishchenko, O. I.;Lozitskaya, R. N.. And the article was included in Voprosy Stereokhimii in 1972.Related Products of 10203-58-4 This article mentions the following:

Rate constants and activation parameters were determined for the 1st and 2nd hydrolysis steps of RCH(CO2Et)2 (I; R = H, Me, Et, Pr, Me2CH, Me2CHCH2) at 25, 35, and 45°. Taft correlations were successful after arranging I in 2 groups, one without R = H, the other without R = Me2CH. From the correlation equations the effects of mesomeric and polar shielding of the carbonyl groups in both hydrolysis steps were determined In the 1st step, increasing the size of R lowered the C-H acidity of I and thus increased the hydrolysis rate. In the 2nd step, increasing the size of R lowered the screening effect of the CO2- group on the reaction center and this also increased the hydrolysis rate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4Related Products of 10203-58-4).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Related Products of 10203-58-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A rapid and simple method for assay of nematicidal activity and its application to measuring the activities of dicarboxylic esters was written by Kimura, Yasuo;Mori, Masaaki;Hyeon, Suong-Be;Suzuki, Akinori;Mitsui, Yasushi. And the article was included in Agricultural and Biological Chemistry in 1981.Recommanded Product: malonic acid dibutyl ester This article mentions the following:

A method for nematocide bioassay is given, which differentiates between living and killed nematodes by letting the former descend from the incubation medium through a Japanese paper seal, followed by their count with a microscope. The method was applied to the study of the activity of dicarboxylic esters against the root nematode Pratylenchus coffeae. Of di-n-alkyl succinates tested, di-Pr succinate [925-15-5], di-Bu succinate [141-03-7], and diamyl succinate [645-69-2] were the most active. Branched alkyl succinates were less active. Six n-Bu esters of other dicarboxylic acids were also active, especially di-Bu glutarate [6624-57-3]. Since free acids and alcs. showed low activity, the ester linkage seems important. The preparation of the compounds is outlined. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Recommanded Product: malonic acid dibutyl ester).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: malonic acid dibutyl ester

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Exploration of Antifungal and Immunomodulatory Potentials of a Furanone Derivative to Rescue Disseminated Cryptococosis in Mice was written by Rathore, Sudarshan Singh;Isravel, Muthukrishnan;Vellaisamy, Sridharan;Chellappan, David Raj;Cheepurupalli, Lalitha;Raman, Thiagarajan;Ramakrishnan, Jayapradha. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2017.Quality Control of Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate This article mentions the following:

Cryptococcus neoformans infection is quite complex with both host-pathogen interaction and host immune profile determining disease progress and therapeutic outcome. Hence in the present study, the potential utility of (E)-5-benzylidenedihydrofuran-2(3 H)-one (compound-6) was explored as an effective anticryptococcal compound with immunomodulatory potential. The efficacy of compound-6 in pulmonary cryptococosis model using H99 strain was investigated. The ED was found to provide 100% survival, with a significant reduction of yeast burden in lungs and brain. The biodistribution anal. provided evidence for the presence of higher concentration of compound-6 in major organs including lungs and brain. In addition, compound-6 treated mice had significantly higher expression of IL-6, IL-4 and IFN- gamma in lung and brain. Similarly, elevated expression of TNF-a, IL-beta1 and IL-12 were observed in lungs, suggesting the protective host response against C. neoformans. The reduction and clearance of fungal load in systemic organs and mouse survival are notable results to confirm the ability of compound-6 to treat cryptococcosis. In conclusion, the low mol. weight (174 Da), lipophilicity, its ability to cross blood brain barrier, and facilitating modulation of cytokine expression are the added advantages of compound-6 to combat against disseminated cryptococosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Quality Control of Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Quality Control of Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of long-chain Schiff bases containing ether and ester moieties by condensation of octadecylamine with vanillin, vanillal, and esters derived therefrom was written by Dikusar, E. A.;Potkin, V. I.;Kozlov, N. G.;Yuvchenko, A. P.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of General Chemistry in 2006.Recommanded Product: 20665-85-4 This article mentions the following:

Previously unknown long-chain Schiff bases containing ether and ester groups were synthesized by condensation of vanillin, vanillal, and esters derived therefrom with octadecylamine in anhydrous methanol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4Recommanded Product: 20665-85-4).

4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Recommanded Product: 20665-85-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dual-stimuli-responsive porous polymer enzyme reactor for tuning enzymolysis efficiency was written by Shen, Ji;Qiao, Juan;Zhang, Xinya;Qi, Li. And the article was included in Microchimica Acta in 2021.Application of 27249-90-7 This article mentions the following:

A strategy for preparing a dual-stimuli-responsive porous polymer membrane enzyme reactor (D-PPMER) is described, consisting of poly(styrene-maleic anhydride-N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylate-3′,3′-dimethyl-6-nitro-spiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-indoline]-1′-esterspiropyran ester) [P(S-M-N-SP)] and D-amino acid oxidase. Tunable control via “on/off” 365 nm UV light irradiation and temperature variation was used to change the membrane surface configuration and adjust the enzymolysis efficiency of the D-PPMER. A chiral capillary electrophoresis technique was developed for evaluation of the enzymic efficiency of D-PPMER with a Zn(II)-dipeptide complex as the chiral selector and D,L-serine as the substrate. Interestingly, the enzymic kinetic reaction rate of D-PPMER under UV irradiation at 36°C (9.2 x 10^-2 mM·min^-1) was 3.2-fold greater than that of the free enzyme (2.9 x 10^-2 mM·min^-1). This was because upon UV irradiation at high temperature, the P(SP) and P(N) moieties altered from a “stretched” to a “curled” state to encapsulate the enzyme in smaller cavities. The confinement effect of the cavities further improved the enzymic efficiency of the D-PPMER. This protocol highlights the outstanding potential of smart polymers, enables tunable control over the kinetic rates of stimuli-responsive enzyme reactors, and establishes a platform for adjusting enzymolysis efficiency using two different stimuli. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Application of 27249-90-7).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Application of 27249-90-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effects of Low-Level Gamma Radiation on Common Nitroaromatic, Nitramine, and Nitrate Ester Explosives was written by Huestis, Patricia L.;Stull, Jamie A.;Lichthardt, Joseph P.;Wasiolek, Maryla A.;Montano-Martinez, Lori;Manner, Virginia W.. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Reference of 6683-19-8 This article mentions the following:

The aging of high explosives in an ionizing radiation field is not well understood, and little work has been done in the low dose and low dose rate regime. In this study, four explosives were exposed to low-level gamma irradiation from a ¹³⁷Cs source: PETN, PATO, and PBX 9501 both with and without the Irganox 1010 stabilizer. Post-irradiation anal. included GC-MS of the headspace gas, SEM of the pellets and powder, NMR spectroscopy, DSC anal., impact sensitivity tests, and ESD sensitivity tests. Overall, no significant change to the materials was seen for the dose and dose rate explored in this study. A small change in the ¹H NMR spectrum of PETN was observed and SEM and ESD results suggest a surface energy change in PATO, but these differences are minor and do not appear to have a substantial impact on the handling safety. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Reference of 6683-19-8).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Reference of 6683-19-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Citrus peel waste essential oil: Chemical composition along with anti-amylase and anti-glucosidase potential was written by Heydari Koochi, Zhila;Jahromi, Kourosh Ghodrat;Kavoosi, Gholamreza;Babaei, Sedigheh. And the article was included in International Journal of Food Science and Technology in 2022.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

The most common waste in citrus processing is their skin, which contains high amounts of essential oil. The antioxidant, anti-glucosidase, and anti-amylase properties of essential oils extracted from fresh bitter orange, lime, lemon, pomelo, grapefruit, mandarin, and sweet orange peels were examined Linalool (18.26%-29.08%), limonene (17.08%-22.44%), linalool acetate (17.17%-30.47%), α-terpineol (6.08%-11.06%), geraniol (2.05%-6.30%), β-ocimene (1.52%-5.02%), nerolidol (2.93%-4.00%), β-pinene (2.71%-3.29%), farnesol (2.08%-2.97%), and geranyl acetate (1.89%-2.80%) were found to be the primary components of citrus peel essential oil. Citrus peel essential oil displayed a good antioxidant capacity ranging from 375 to 643 mg Trolox equivalent/g. Citrus peel essential oils strongly inhibit amylase (520 to 738 mg acarbose equivalent/g) and glucosidase (475 to 780 mg acarbose equivalent/g). According to kinetic anal., fluorescence quenching, and UV absorption, citrus peel essential oils inhibit amylase and glucosidase with a mixed competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive manner. Some citrus varieties have long been used to treat diabetes and obesity. While citrus fruits are consumed worldwide, the citrus peel is typically discarded; hence, using the citrus peel in the culinary and medical industries might have a pos. economic impact on managing diabetes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Facile Synthesis of Intelligent Polymers Modified Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solution was written by Zhai, Cuiping;Liu, Xuejun;Chen, Xia;Li, Lina;Sun, Fang;Ma, Huiting. And the article was included in Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials in 2015.SDS of cas: 27249-90-7 This article mentions the following:

This paper describes the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) stabilized with intelligent poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA). First, the dithioester-terminated PDMAEMA was prepared by the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer technique. Then, the dithioester-terminated PDMAEMA was reduced to a thiol-terminated polymer PDMAEMA-SH. PDMAEMA coated GNPs (Au@PDMAEMA NPs) were synthesized in situ from HAuCl₄ aqueous solution by using NaBH₄ as a reductant and thiolated PDMAEMA as a stabilizer through Au-S bond. The optical and phys. properties of GNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction as well as thermogravimetric anal. The size and shape of GNPs could be controlled by tuning both the [PDMAEMA]:[HAuCl₄] molar ratio and the solution pH. It is believed that these highly biocompatible GNPs have potential biomedical applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7SDS of cas: 27249-90-7).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.SDS of cas: 27249-90-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics