Month: January 2023

A Facile Method for Delaying the Migration of Antifogging Agents in Polyethylene Films was written by Yan, Ke;Chen, Dong;Wang, Li;Yang, Wantai. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2022.Safety of 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) This article mentions the following:

Antifog polyethylene (PE) films are widely used as covers for greenhouse structures because they can eliminate the multiple adverse effects of the fogging phenomenon. Herein, we propose a way to enhance the shelf life of antifog PE films by delaying the migration of antifogging agents using polymer microspheres. Crosslinked poly(maleic anhydride-styrene-divinylbenzene) microspheres (PMSD) were prepared by self-stabilized precipitation polymerization (2SP) and then converted into PMSD grafted with methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) of different chain lengths (PMSD-g-mPEG). PMSD-g-mPEG microspheres were incorporated into PE films with an antifogging agent, and the properties of the prepared antifog PE films were investigated in detail. SEM displayed the good dispersion state of PMSD-g-mPEG at low loadings and its pos. correlation with mPEG chain length. Accelerated dripping experiments and contact angle tests showed that PMSD-g-mPEG2000 microspheres can exert the best effect in delaying the migration of antifogging agents, giving rise to a 36% improvement in dripping duration under optimized conditions. In addition, PMSD-g-mPEG2000 microspheres do not affect the optical, mech., and thermal properties of antifog PE films obviously. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Safety of 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate)).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Safety of 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate)

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evaluation of anti-rheumatic activity of Piper betle L. (Betelvine) extract using in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches was written by Murugesan, Selvakumar;Ravichandran, Devibala;Lakshmanan, Dinesh Kumar;Ravichandran, Guna;Arumugam, Velusamy;Raju, Karthik;Geetha, Karuppasamy;Thilagar, Sivasudha. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2020.Reference of 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory, and systemic autoimmune disease, it affects elders worldwide. Herbal medicines have been used for the treatment of various ailments from ancient times. Betelvine (Piper betle L.) leaves have long been used in Asian countries as a medicine to relieve pain and some metabolic diseases. The present study of methanolic extract of phytochem. anal. confirms the presence of alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, total flavonoids and total phenols. GC-MS anal. of MeOH extract of Piper betle (PBME) revealed the presence of 40 bioactive compounds In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays showed greater inhibitory effect. The anti-arthritic effects of PBME at 250 and 500 mg/kg concentration showed recovery from joint damage in in vivo rat model. Among the 40 GC-MS derived bioactives, 4-Allyl-1,2-Diacetoxybenzene exhibited the higher interactions with minimized binding energy to the RA targets of MMP 1 (-6.4 kcal/mol), TGF-β (-6.9 kcal/mol), IL-1β (-5.9 kcal/mol). Further, the effect of PBME extract against RA mol. disease targets (IL-1β, MMP1 and TGF- β) were studied using Real-time PCR. These results substantiate that P. betle leaves could be a source of therapeutics for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Reference of 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Reference of 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of Heterobiaryl 4-Aryl Furans through a Base-Promoted Decarboxylative Propargylation/Cycloisomerization Annulation was written by Wang, Sasa;Song, Meimei;Li, Xiuguang;Huang, Yunhong;Zhao, Tingxiang;Wei, Zhuoji;Lan, Yanyun;Tan, Haibo. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Safety of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate This article mentions the following:

A transition-metal-free synthesis of heterobiaryl 4-aryl furans through a base-promoted decarboxylative propargylation/cycloisomerization annulation of ethynyl benzoxazinanones and readily accessible β-keto esters or 1,3-diketones has been developed. A series of novel heterobiaryl 4-aryl furans were accessed efficiently in the presence of base under mild reaction conditions. This protocol is significant for probing the reaction mechanism of ethynyl benzoxazinanones and even other propargylic compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Safety of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Safety of Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Metagenomics reveals flavour metabolic network of cereal vinegar microbiota was written by Wu, Lin-Huan;Lu, Zhen-Ming;Zhang, Xiao-Juan;Wang, Zong-Min;Yu, Yong-Jian;Shi, Jin-Song;Xu, Zheng-Hong. And the article was included in Food Microbiology in 2017.Formula: C11H14O3 This article mentions the following:

Multispecies microbial community formed through centuries of repeated batch acetic acid fermentation (AAF) is crucial for the flavor quality of traditional vinegar produced from cereals. However, the metabolism to generate and/or formulate the essential flavours by the multispecies microbial community is hardly understood. Here we used metagenomic approach to clarify in situ metabolic network of key microbes responsible for flavor synthesis of a typical cereal vinegar, Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar, produced by solid-state fermentation First, we identified 3 organic acids, 7 amino acids, and 20 volatiles as dominant vinegar metabolites. Second, we revealed taxonomic and functional composition of the microbiota by metagenomic shotgun sequencing. A total of 86 201 predicted protein-coding genes from 35 phyla (951 genera) were involved in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of Metabolism (42.3%), Genetic Information Processing (28.3%), and Environmental Information Processing (10.1%). Furthermore, a metabolic network for substrate breakdown and dominant flavor formation in vinegar microbiota was constructed, and microbial distribution discrepancy in different metabolic pathways was charted. This study helps elucidating different metabolic roles of microbes during flavor formation in vinegar microbiota. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0Formula: C11H14O3).

Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Formula: C11H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of sulbactam derivatives against Acinetobacter baumannii was written by Yang, Yuanshuai;Tang, Sheng;Liu, Zhandong;Wang, Yanxiang;Pang, Jing;You, Xuefu;Song, Danoing;Li, Yinghong;Lu, Xi. And the article was included in Pharmazie in 2018.Application In Synthesis of 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate This article mentions the following:

Sulbactam, a known β-lactamase inhibitor, was found to own potent antimicrobial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii in clin. practice. Based on clin. evidence, a series of sulbactam derivatives I [R = H, NH₂, 3-ClC₆H₄NHC(O)NH, etc.; R¹ = H, Na, 2-O₂NC₆H₄CH₂, etc.] and II [R² = H, Na, NHEt₃; R³ = H, NH₂, 3-MeC₆H₄NHC(O)NH, etc.] were designed, synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii, taking sulbactam as the lead. Among them, compound II [R² = Na; R³ = H (III)] exhibited a good antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii with a MIC value of 4 μg/mL, slightly lower than that of sulbactam of 1 μg/mL. Especially, compound III displayed outstanding oral pharmacokinetic profiles with a maximum plasma concentration (C_max) of 19.6 μg/mL and area under the curve (AUC) of 10.8 μgh/mL, much higher than those of sulbactam, and thus held the potential of being developed into an oral medication. These results provided the useful information for further structural modification and optimization of its kind, and compound III had been selected for the further investigation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6Application In Synthesis of 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate).

3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Application In Synthesis of 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Analysis of aromatic components of two edible mushrooms, Phlebopus portentosus and Cantharellus yunnanensis using HS-SPME/GC-MS was written by Tian, Run;Liang, Zhi-Qun;Wang, Yong;Zeng, Nian-Kai. And the article was included in Results in Chemistry in 2022.Formula: C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to evaluate the profile of the volatile components that accounted for the aroma of two edible mushrooms, viz. Phlebopus portentosus and Cantharellus yunnanensis. There were 51 and 69 volatile compounds identified from P. portentosus and C. yunnanensis, resp. These compounds were mainly acids, hydrocarbons, ketones, esters, aldehydes, and alcs., of which acetic acid was most abundant among these volatile components. Onanoic acid, 9-oxo-, Me ester, 2-pentyl-furan, and 5, 6-dihydro-2-pyranone were discovered in the mushrooms for the first time, and the volatile compounds of C. yunnanensis was also investigated for the first time. In addition, the volatile compounds of P. portentosus and C. yunnanensis were analyzed by principal components anal. (PCA). The findings reveal the differences among samples and provide the basic data for the chemotaxonomy in studying P. portentosus and C. yunnanensis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Formula: C6H10O2).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Formula: C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Molecular background of the undesired odor of polypropylene materials and insights into the sources of key odorants was written by Frank, Stephanie;Reglitz, Klaas;Mall, Veronika;Morgenstern, Ute;Steinhaus, Martin. And the article was included in Indoor Air in 2021.Reference of 706-14-9 This article mentions the following:

Screening the volatiles isolated from a standard polypropylene material consisting of a polypropylene homopolymer, the filler talcum, and a mixture of antioxidants, for odor-active compounds by application of an aroma extract dilution anal. revealed 30 odorants with flavor dilution factors ranging from 1 to 64. Eighteen odor-active compounds were subsequently quantitated by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry using stable isotopically substituted odorants as internal standards, and their odor activity values (OAVs) were calculated as ratios of the concentrations to the odor threshold values. Five odorants showed OAVs >1, among which were hex-1-en-3-one (OAV 12), butanoic acid (OAV 3), as well as 4-methylphenol, butan-1-ol, and 2-tert-butylphenol (all OAV 1). A comparative anal. of polypropylene materials with different additives suggested plastic-like, pungent smelling hex-1-en-3-one as an ubiquitous key odorant. Odor-active amounts of alkylphenols, in particular plastic-like, phenolic smelling 2-tert-butylphenol, were addnl. formed in the presence of talcum and phenolic antioxidants. Whereas the precursors of the phenols were thus obvious, the origin of hex-1-en-3-one was unknown. Injection molding showed only little influence on odorant concentrations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Reference of 706-14-9).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 706-14-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Study on the key volatile compounds and aroma quality of jasmine tea with different scenting technology was written by An, Huimin;Ou, Xingchang;Zhang, Yangbo;Li, Shi;Xiong, Yifan;Li, Qin;Huang, Jianan;Liu, Zhonghua. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Computed Properties of C9H10O3 This article mentions the following:

The aroma quality of jasmine tea refers to the strength and freshness of jasmine fragrance and its coordination with tea aroma, which is regulated by various volatile compounds In this study, seventy volatile compounds of jasmine tea scented by different scenting technol. were analyzed qual. and quant. by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). And seven compounds were identified as the key volatile compounds by weighted gene co-expression network anal. (WGCNA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant anal. (OPLS-DA) and odor activity value (OAV). According to the equation describing seven key volatile compounds and quality of jasmine tea, the optimal scenting technol. was obtained, i.e., the amount of flowers (AF) was 65-78%, scenting time (ST) was 15-17 h, and scenting temperature (SW) was 35-40°C. This study lays a foundation for the study of aroma characteristics of jasmine tea, and guides enterprises to improve jasmine tea processing technol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6Computed Properties of C9H10O3).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Computed Properties of C9H10O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nitrosoallene-Mediated endo-Cyclizations for the Synthesis of (Hetero)cyclic α-Substituted exo-Unsaturated Oximes was written by Tanimoto, Hiroki;Ueda, Sho;Morimoto, Tsumoru;Kakiuchi, Kiyomi. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2018.Related Products of 17920-23-9 This article mentions the following:

Nitrosoallene-mediated endo-dig cyclization reactions producing (hetero)cyclic exo-unsaturated oximes (enoximes) are described. The intramol. 1,4-type addition to in situ generated nitrosoallenes afforded α-substituted cyclic enoximes with exo-methylene units, which are the favored conformation for further cyclizations. The strong electron-withdrawing ability of the nitroso group facilitated the construction of five-to-seven-membered ring systems via C-O, C-N, C-S, and C-C bond formations, including a quaternary carbon center, at low temperatures In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Related Products of 17920-23-9).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Related Products of 17920-23-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The organocatalytic highly enantioselective Knoevenagel condensation: applications in the synthesis of various chiral amide derivatives was written by Ashokkumar, Veeramanoharan;Siva, Ayyanar;Sankar, Balakrishnan. And the article was included in Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society in 2019.Application of 1190-39-2 This article mentions the following:

In this work, efficient organocatalysts were designed, synthesized and successfully applied to the Knoevenagel condensation. In this reaction, different α-branched aldehydes were treated with various malonate compounds to give the desired unsaturated diester products [R¹ = H, 4-Me, 3-F, etc.; R² = Me, Et, Bn, etc.] up to 97% yield and excellent e.r up to 99.68:0.32 under the mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the Knoevenagel product, unsaturated diesters I was converted into different chiral amide derivatives II [R³ = n-BuNH, PhNH, N-morpholinyl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-pyridylamino] in higher enantioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Application of 1190-39-2).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application of 1190-39-2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics