Month: January 2023

Production of Hydroxy Fatty Acids, Precursors of γ-Hexalactone, Contributes to the Characteristic Sweet Aroma of Beef was written by Ueda, Shuji;Hosoda, Mana;Kasamatsu, Kumi;Horiuchi, Masahiro;Nakabayashi, Rio;Kang, Bubwoong;Shinohara, Masakazu;Nakanishi, Hiroki;Ohto-Nakanishi, Takayo;Yamanoue, Minoru;Shirai, Yasuhito. And the article was included in Metabolites in 2022.Safety of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Aroma is an essential factor for meat quality. The meat of Japanese Black cattle exhibits fine marbling and a rich and sweet aroma with a characteristic lactone composition The mechanism of lactone formation associated with beef aroma has not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the precursors of γ-hexalactone, an indicator of the sweet aroma of beef and identified the mechanism underlying γ-hexalactone production A low-temperature vacuum system was used to prepare beef tallow from Japanese Black cattle and Holstein cattle. The odor components were identified using headspace-gas chromatog. The anal. revealed that γ-hexalactone, γ-dodecalactone, δ-tetradecalactone, and δ-hexadecalactone were present as sweet aroma components of beef tallow prepared from marbling and muscle. Since we previously reported that γ-hexalactone formation correlates with linoleic acid content in beef, we analyzed ten oxidized fatty acids derived from linoleic acid by liquid chromatog.-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and detected two hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids (9S-HODE and 13S-HODE) in beef tallow. Significant differences in arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase protein expression levels among s.c. fat, i.m. fat, and muscle tissue were observed Our results suggest that the combination of linoleic acid and the expression of lipid oxidase derived from beef muscle and i.m. fat produce hydroxy fatty acids that result in a sweet aroma. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Safety of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Safety of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Organoboron star polymers via arm-first RAFT polymerization: synthesis, luminescent behavior, and aqueous self-assembly was written by Cheng, Fei;Bonder, Edward M.;Doshi, Ami;Jaekle, Frieder. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2012.Product Details of 27249-90-7 This article mentions the following:

The first examples of organoboron star polymers were prepared by arm-first RAFT polymerization using a novel luminescent organoboron crosslinker in combination with PS, PNIPAM, P4VP, and PNIPAM-b-PS as linear polymer precursors. Well-defined star architectures with a luminescent core were successfully obtained as confirmed by GPC-MALLS, NMR, DLS, and TEM anal. The PNIPAM-b-PS stars are amphiphilic and undergo self-assembly in water with formation of super-aggregates that exhibit strong green fluorescence. The P4VP stars lend themselves to further functionalization at the periphery. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Product Details of 27249-90-7).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Product Details of 27249-90-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Visible-light-induced α-oxyamination of 1,3-dicarbonyls with TEMPO via a photoelectrocatalytic process applying a DSSC anode or in a DSSC system was written by Gong, Ming;Kim, Jung Keun;Zhao, Xiuli;Li, Yabo;Zhang, Jianye;Huang, Mengmeng;Wu, Yangjie. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2019.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate This article mentions the following:

A green and environmentally friendly photoelectrocatalytic one-pot method was developed for the α-oxyamination between 1,3-dicarbonyls and TEMPO via a photoelectrocatalytic process using visible light as the energy source. The recovered DSSC anode (photocatalyst) could be used > 8 times, at the same time, the α-oxyamination reaction proceeding in the DSSC device might be involved in the photoelectrocatalysis process. Mechanistic studies establish that the reaction might undergo both the visible-light-induced radical and the ionic reaction processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structure-activity relationships of benzoic acid derivatives as antifeedants for the pine weevil, Hylobius abietis was written by Unelius, C. Rikard;Nordlander, Goeran;Nordenhem, Henrik;Hellqvist, Claes;Legrand, Sacha;Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Ecology in 2006.Electric Literature of C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Aromatic organic compounds found in the feces of the pine weevil, Hylobius abietis (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), have been shown to deter feeding behavior in this species, which is a serious pest of planted conifer seedlings in Europe. We evaluated 55 benzoic acid derivatives and a few homologs as antifeedants for H. abietis. Structure-activity relationships were identified by bioassaying related compounds obtained by rational syntheses of functional group analogs and structural isomers. We identified 5 main criteria of efficiency as antifeedants among the benzoic acid derivatives By predicting optimal structures for H. abietis antifeedants, we attempted to find a com. antifeedant to protect conifer seedlings against damage by H. abietis in regenerating forests. New, highly effective antifeedants are Me 2,4-dimethoxybenzoate, iso-Pr 2,4-dimethoxybenzoate, Me 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate, Me (3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acetate, and Me (2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acetate. Of these, Me 2,4-dimethoxybenzoate and iso-Pr 2,4-dimethoxybenzoate have the highest antifeedant indexes of all substances tested and are the best candidates for practical applications in order to protect planted seedlings in the field. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8Electric Literature of C9H10O4).

Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Electric Literature of C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Iron-catalysed 1,2-aryl migration of tertiary azides was written by Wei, Kaijie;Yang, Tonghao;Chen, Qing;Liang, Siyu;Yu, Wei. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020.Formula: C6H12O2 This article mentions the following:

The 1,2-Aryl migration of α,α-diaryl tertiary azides RC(R¹)(C₆H₅)N₃ (R = Ph, 4-fluorophenyl, iso-Pr, iso-Bu, etc.; R¹ = 4-methylphenyl, Et, phenyl) was achieved by using the catalytic system of FeCl₂/N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) SIPr.HCl. The reaction generated aniline products RCHR¹NHC₆H₅ in good yields after one-pot reduction of the migration-resultant imines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Formula: C6H12O2).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Formula: C6H12O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Multivariate optimization of dual-sorbent dynamic headspace extraction of volatiles in wine analysis was written by Vyviurska, Olga;Hanobikova, Maria;Gomes, Adriano A.;Spanik, Ivan. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2021.Computed Properties of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

The main critical point of newly developed miniaturized sample preparation techniques is a limited extraction capacity. Dynamic headspace extraction offers increased volume of sorbent which is commonly used in environmental anal. Application of two sorbents (Carbopack B/Carbopack X and Tenax TA) at different extraction temperatures allows enhancing a range of volatile organic compounds available for anal. Such approach was applied in our research for quantification of volatile organic compounds in botrytized wines with gas chromatog. The central composite design was included to anal. simultaneous effects of incubation time, incubation temperature, purge volume and purge flow. In attempt to properly assess results, the data evaluation involved Pareto charts, surface response methodol. and principal component anal. Multivariate exptl. design revealed statistical significance of purge volume and quadratic terms of incubation time and temperature, for response of volatiles. The quantification method with 0.2-2.0μg/L LOD and 0.5-5.0μg/L LOQ values, was developed under simultaneously optimized exptl. conditions such as a 54°C incubation temperature, a 20.18 min incubation time, a 344.3 mL purge volume and a 16.0 mL/min purge flow. The increased levels of linalool oxide, Et phenylacetate, γ-hexalactone and α-terpineol were observed in the samples, that correlated with botrytized wine technol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Computed Properties of C6H10O2).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery of the Chemical Function of Glycosidases: Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Mass-Differentiated Carbohydrate Libraries was written by Yu, Yang;Ko, Kwang-Seuk;Zea, Corbin J.;Pohl, Nicola L.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2004.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Discovery of the catalytic chem. function of the many putative glycosidases coded in genomes currently relies on individual testing of possible substrates, usually as their p-nitrophenol conjugate. Herein, the authors present an alternative chem. proteomics approach using a synthetic mass-differentiated heat-stable substrate library with mass spectrometry readout. Library components do not serve as reaction inhibitors and both primary and secondary enzyme substrates can be delineated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-6-(acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triyl triacetate (cas: 6730-10-5Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-6-(acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triyl triacetate (cas: 6730-10-5) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel, Highly Active Soft ROCK Inhibitors was written by Boland, Sandro;Bourin, Arnaud;Alen, Jo;Geraets, Jacques;Schroeders, Pieter;Castermans, Karolien;Kindt, Nele;Boumans, Nicki;Panitti, Laura;Fransen, Silke;Vanormelingen, Jessica;Stassen, Jean Marie;Leysen, Dirk;Defert, Olivier. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2015.Product Details of 1195768-18-3 This article mentions the following:

ROCK1 and ROCK2 play important roles in numerous cellular functions, including smooth muscle cell contraction, cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Consequently, ROCK inhibitors are of interest for treating multiple indications including cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, lung diseases, and eye diseases. However, systemic inhibition of ROCK is expected to result in significant side effects. Strategies allowing reduced systemic exposure are therefore of interest. In a continuing effort toward identification of ROCK inhibitors, we here report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel soft ROCK inhibitors displaying an ester function allowing their rapid inactivation in the systemic circulation. Those compounds, e.g. I, display subnanomolar activity against ROCK and strong differences of functional activity between parent compounds and expected metabolites. The binding mode of a representative compound was determined exptl. in a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Enzymes responsible for inactivation of these compounds once they enter systemic circulation are also discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-amino-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 1195768-18-3Product Details of 1195768-18-3).

Methyl 3-amino-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 1195768-18-3) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Product Details of 1195768-18-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

CoCl(PPh₃)₃ as Cyclotrimerization Catalyst for Functionalized Triynes under Mild Conditions was written by Jungk, Phillip;Fischer, Fabian;Thiel, Indre;Hapke, Marko. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2015.Recommanded Product: 17920-23-9 This article mentions the following:

The ubiquitary Co(I) complex CoCl(PPh₃)₃ was found to be a convenient catalyst for the [2+2+2] cycloaddition of functionalized triynes, e.g., I [R, R’ = 1-naphthyl, 2-methoxy-1-naphthyl, 9-phenanthryl, substiuted aryl, hetreoaryl, Ph, Me; X = O, C(CO₂Et)₂] under mild reaction conditions and devoid of any addnl. additive, yielding the substituted arene compounds, e.g., II. Successful development of synthetic routes to various triynes and the subsequent cyclotrimerization key step gave systematic access to a variety of different bi- and triaryls with good to excellent yields for the cyclization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Recommanded Product: 17920-23-9).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Recommanded Product: 17920-23-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Identification of volatile components from oviposition and non-oviposition plants of Gasterophilus pecorum (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) was written by Zhou, Ran;Zhang, Ke;Zhang, Tiange;Zhou, Tong;Chu, Hongjun;Ge, Yan;Wang, Chen;Li, Kai. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2020.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Oviposition by Gasterophilus pecorum on shoot tips of Stipa caucasica is a key determinant of its severe infection of the reintroduced Przewalskis horse (Equus przewalskii). Volatiles in shoots of grasses on which Przewalskis horse feeds, including S. caucasica at preoviposition, oviposition, and postoviposition stages of G. pecorum, S. caucasica, Stipa orientalis, and Ceratoides latens at the oviposition stage, and S. caucasica in various growth periods, were collected by dynamic headspace adsorption and analyzed by automatic thermal desorption gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. Caprolactam was highest in C. latens at oviposition stage of G. pecorum and lowest in S. caucasica at postoviposition stage, and that of 3-hexen-1-ol,(Z)- was lowest in C. latens and highest in S. caucasica at its oviposition stage. Furthermore, substances specific to S. orientalis and C. latens were also present in S. caucasica, except at oviposition stage. Our findings will facilitate studies on G. pecorums adaptation to the arid desert steppe and its future control. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Synthetic Route of C6H10O2).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics