Evaluation of anti-rheumatic activity of Piper betle L. (Betelvine) extract using in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches was written by Murugesan, Selvakumar;Ravichandran, Devibala;Lakshmanan, Dinesh Kumar;Ravichandran, Guna;Arumugam, Velusamy;Raju, Karthik;Geetha, Karuppasamy;Thilagar, Sivasudha. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2020.Reference of 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:
Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory, and systemic autoimmune disease, it affects elders worldwide. Herbal medicines have been used for the treatment of various ailments from ancient times. Betelvine (Piper betle L.) leaves have long been used in Asian countries as a medicine to relieve pain and some metabolic diseases. The present study of methanolic extract of phytochem. anal. confirms the presence of alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, total flavonoids and total phenols. GC-MS anal. of MeOH extract of Piper betle (PBME) revealed the presence of 40 bioactive compounds In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays showed greater inhibitory effect. The anti-arthritic effects of PBME at 250 and 500 mg/kg concentration showed recovery from joint damage in in vivo rat model. Among the 40 GC-MS derived bioactives, 4-Allyl-1,2-Diacetoxybenzene exhibited the higher interactions with minimized binding energy to the RA targets of MMP 1 (-6.4 kcal/mol), TGF-β (-6.9 kcal/mol), IL-1β (-5.9 kcal/mol). Further, the effect of PBME extract against RA mol. disease targets (IL-1β, MMP1 and TGF- β) were studied using Real-time PCR. These results substantiate that P. betle leaves could be a source of therapeutics for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Reference of 659-70-1).
Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Reference of 659-70-1
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics