Month: December 2022

He, Yanping published the artcileSynthesis of melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules containing oil-based fragrances via intermediate polyacrylate bridging layers, Application of Hexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, the main research area is melamine formaldehyde microcapsule clove oil fragrance polyacrylate bridging layer.

A general and versatile strategy to prepare melamine-formaldehyde (MF) microcapsules encapsulating oil-based fragrances by combining solvent evaporation and in situ polymerization was proposed in this work. The oil-based fragrance was pre-encapsulated by an inner polyacrylate membrane via solvent evaporation, followed by in situ polymerization of MF precondensates as an outer shell. The polyacrylate membrane is used as an intermediate bridging layer to stabilize the oil-based fragrance, and to provide driving forces for in situ polymerization of MF precondensates through electrostatic attractions between carboxyl groups and ammonium ions. It was demonstrated that MF microcapsules containing clove oil were prepared successfully. The amount and the composition of the intermediate polyacrylate bridging layer were critical Smooth and sphere-shaped MF-clove oil microcapsules were prepared when the weight ratio of polyacrylate to clove oil was over 60 wt% and the concentration of acrylic acid (AA) increased to 10 wt% in polyacrylate. In addition, MF microcapsules containing sunflower oil and hexyl salicylate were prepared by using this method. The work suggests that this new approach can be potentially used to encapsulate various core materials, tuning the shell properties of microcapsules such as thickness, mech. strength and release properties.

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering published new progress about Aminoplasts Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 6259-76-3 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Hexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, and the molecular formula is C13H18O3, Application of Hexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Hui published the artcileReactive and Mechanistic Insights into the Acid-Catalyzed Conversion of Concentrated C5/C6 Sugars in Ethylene Glycol, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is reactive mechanism acid catalyzed sugar ethylene glycol.

It remains a challenging task for the efficient conversion of carbohydrates to value-added chems. at concentrated feedstock solution In this contribution, the acid-catalyzed processing of high-concentration C5/C6 sugars (180 g/L) in the ethylene glycol (EG) solvent system was investigated, and prominent discrepancy was noticed between C5 and C6 sugars. A large amount of liquefied products was achieved in the concentrated C6 sugars EG solution, whereas the main products in the case of C5 sugars were found to be solid humins. The reaction mechanism studies revealed that EG can shelter fructose and reaction intermediates (5-hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid) from the cross-polymerization and self-etherification reactions, thereby reducing the generation of solid humins during the fructose liquidation process. However, in the case of xylose, the copolymerization between EG and furfural (FF) generates a solid resin, thus rendering a high solid product yield. Moreover, the produced FF-EG resin was found to be a polymer with high mol. weight formed by connecting the furan ring and the alkyl structure through an ether bond. This finding provides insights into the acid-catalyzed conversion of concentrated C5/C6 sugars in EG, facilitating rationally designed processes for the valorization of concentrated carbohydrates.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Aminoplasts Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gasnot, Julien published the artcileTaming the Reactivity of Phosphiranium Salts: Site-Selective C-Centered Ring Opening for Direct Synthesis of Phosphinoethylamines, Safety of Ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate, the main research area is phosphiranium salt preparation nucleophilic ring opening aniline nitrogen nucleophile; phosphinoethylamine preparation; nucleophilic ring opening; phosphinoethyl amines; phosphiranium ions; selectivity; steric protection.

Advances in the field of P chem. are documented, by revealing the synthetic utility of previously underused quaternary phosphiranium salts (QPrS) as three-chain-atom electrophilic building blocks. Notably, control of their challenging C-centered electrophilicity is disclosed with an expedient synthesis of tertiary β-anilino phosphines as a proof-of-concept.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Amines Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation) (phosphinoethylamines). 623-50-7 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate, and the molecular formula is C4H8O3, Safety of Ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cheng, Fang published the artcileGarlic Allelochemical Diallyl Disulfide Alleviates Autotoxicity in the Root Exudates Caused by Long-Term Continuous Cropping of Tomato, Quality Control of 929-77-1, the main research area is garlic allelochem diallyl disulfide autotoxicity root exudate tomato; autotoxicity; diallyl disulfide; garlic; growth promotion; tomato root exudates.

Continuous cropping obstacles seriously affect the sustainable production of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Researchers have found that intercropping with garlic (Allium sativum L.) could alleviate tomato continuous cropping obstacles. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is the main allelochem. in garlic. However, the mechanism of DADS in alleviating tomato continuous cropping obstacles is still unknown. In this research, aqueous extracts of tomato continuous cropping soil were used to simulate the continuous cropping condition of tomato. Our results showed that DADS increased root activity and chlorophyll content, improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD and PAL) and the metabolism of non-enzymic antioxidants (GSH and GSSG) in tomato plants. DADS treatment reduced the content of fatty acid esters in tomato root exudates (e.g., palmitate Me ester, palmitoleic acid Me ester, oleic acid Me ester) and increased the level of substances such as di-Bu phthalate and 2,2′-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol). The higher concentrations of palmitate Me ester inhibited tomato hypocotyl growth, while oleic acid Me ester inhibited tomato root growth. Moreover, the application of DADS significantly inhibited the secretion of these esters in the root exudates. Therefore, it suggests that DADS may increase tomato resistance and promote tomato plant growth by increasing root activity, photosynthetic capacity and development to reduce autotoxicity of tomato.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Allelochemicals Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Quality Control of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Yingzhe published the artcileMetabolite profiling of rhizosphere soil of different allelopathic potential rice accessions, Computed Properties of 5405-41-4, the main research area is metabolomics PAL octadecenoic acid rhizosphere soil allelopathic rice; Allelopathy; Fatty acids; Metabolomics; Resin extraction; Rhizosphere.

Background: Identification of the allelopathy-interrelated metabolites from the allelopathic rice rhizosphere is crucial to understand the allelopathic mechanism of rice, which in turn can promote its applications to farming. In this study, the metabolites from the rhizosphere soil of five different rice lines, including allelopathic rice accession PI312777 (PI) and non-allelopathic rice accession Lemont (Le) as well as their genetic derivatives (e.g., phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene overexpression transgenic lines of PI and Le, namely, PO and LO resp., and PAL RNA interference line of PI, namely, PR) were identified and comparatively analyzed to explore the pos. compounds that are involved in the process of rice allelopathy. Results: The results showed that 21 non-polar compounds and 21 polar compounds differed in content in the rhizosphere soil of PI and Le, which include several volatile fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids. The relative contents of fatty acids also differed between PAL overexpressing or RNA interference (RNAi)-silenced line and their wild-type resp. Acetic acid content also differed among groups, i.e., it is higher in the high allelopathic potential rice. Further anal. showed that different metabolites from the ADS8 resin-extracted phase were more abundant than that those from the ADS21 resin-extracted phase, suggesting that the allelochems. in root exudates of allelopathic rice are mainly non-polar substances. KEGG annotation of these differential metabolites revealed that these compounds were related to nutrient metabolism, secondary metabolite synthesis, signaling substance synthesis, and toxin degradation Conclusions Rice allelochems. deposited in the ADS8 resin-extracted phase were more abundant than those in the ADS21 resin-extracted phase. Allelochems. in root exudates of allelopathic rice are mainly non-polar substances, and long-chain fatty acids are considered as allelopathy interrelated metabolites.

BMC Plant Biology published new progress about Allelochemicals Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 5405-41-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, and the molecular formula is C6H12O3, Computed Properties of 5405-41-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Lei published the artcilePreharvest spraying calcium ameliorated aroma weakening and kept higher aroma-related genes expression level in postharvest ‘Nanguo’ pears after long-term refrigerated storage, Synthetic Route of 5405-41-4, the main research area is Pyrus calcium chloride aroma weakening LOX HPL ACS storage.

Refrigerated storage postponed the post-ripening of ‘Nanguo’ pears (Pyrusussuriensis Maxim.), but the aromatic esters of the pears were apt to weaken when the fruit was transferred to room temperature CaCl2 treatment, in which the pears were sprayed with 4% CaCl2 during the days before harvest, inhibited the appearance of aromatic weakening of the postharvest pears after long-term refrigerated storage in the study. CaCl2-treated pears presented higher respiration rate, ethylene production and aliphatic acids during ripening in shelf life at room temperature Higher genes expression of lipoxygenase (LOX), and hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), which were associated with LOX pathway, were found in the CaCl2-treated fruit during the ripening in shelf life. The expression levels of genes ACS, ACC, PuEIN4 and PuEIN2 were up-regulated, which were related to ethylene-related pathway. These results demonstrated that the aroma weakening of ‘Nanguo’ pears can be effectively inhibited by CaCl2 treatment and the potential inherent mechanisms are discussed.

Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Aliphatic acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 5405-41-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, and the molecular formula is C6H12O3, Synthetic Route of 5405-41-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Luyao published the artcileVolatile organic compounds of Hanseniaspora uvarum increase strawberry fruit flavor and defense during cold storage, HPLC of Formula: 111-11-5, the main research area is Hanseniaspora uvarum volatile organic compound flavor cold storage; GC‐MS; Hanseniaspora uvarum; defense‐related enzymes; strawberry; volatile organic compounds.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of antagonistic yeasts are considered as environmental safe fumigants to promote the resistance and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa). By GC-MS assays, VOCs of Hanseniaspora uvarum (H. uvarum) fumigated strawberry fruit showed increased contents of Me caproate (5.8%), Me octanoate (5.1%), and Me caprylate (10.9%) in postharvest cold storage. Possible mechanisms of H. uvarum VOCs involved in regulations of the defense-related enzymes and substances in strawberry were investigated during postharvest storage in low temperature and high humidity (2 ± 1°C, RH 90%-95%). Defense-related enzymes assays indicated H. uvarum VOCs stimulated the accumulation of CAT, SOD, POD, APX, PPO, and PAL and inhibited biosynthesis of MDA in strawberry fruit under storage condition. Moreover, the expression levels of related key enzyme genes, such as CAT, SOD, APX42, PPO, and PAL6, were consistently increased in strawberry fruit after H. uvarum VOCs fumigation.

Food Science & Nutrition (Hoboken, NJ, United States) published new progress about Alcohols, C6-10 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, HPLC of Formula: 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Weiwei published the artcileMechanisms dissection of the combination GRS derived from ShengMai preparations for the treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, Quality Control of 2044-85-1, the main research area is ginsenoside ruscogenin schisandrin combination ShengMai myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury; 23915); 441893); 441922); Ajor chemical compounds studied in this article; Anti-inflammation; Antioxidation; Energy modulation; Ginsenoside Rb1 (PubChem CID; Multiple pathways; Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury; Ruscogenin (PubChem CID; Schisandrol a (PubChem CID; Shengmai combination GRS.

Recently, a new drug combination GRS comprising ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), ruscogenin (R-Rus) and schisandrin (S-SA) was screened based on ShengMai preparations, which exhibited a prominent cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. To investigate their systemic and individual mechanism of each compound in combination GRS. The mice model of MI/R and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocytes injury were performed to explore the resp. characteristics of each compound in GRS against myocardial injury. Each component in the combination GRS attenuated MI/R injury as evidenced by decreased myocardial infarct size, ameliorated histol. features, and improved biochem. indicators. Meanwhile, ingredient G, R and S in combination also individually performed a significant decrease of apoptotic index in MI/R mice and H/R-induced cardiomyocytes injury. Mechanistically, component G in GRS could markedly increase the ATP content in cardiomyocytes through activation of AMPKα phosphorylation. Interestingly, the anti-apoptotic actions of G were profoundly attenuated by knockdown of AMPKα, while no alteration was observed on composition R and S. Moreover, component R in GRS significantly reduced the IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression, as well as the content of IL-6 via the modulation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Further, component S exhibited the most powerful anti-oxidative capacity in GRS and remarkably decreased the production of MDA and ROS, and potential mechanisms might at least in part through activating the Akt-14-3-3 signaling pathway and inhibiting the phosphorylation of Bad and ERK1/2. Our results indicated that the resp. mechanism of each compound in combination GRS against MI/R injury might closely associated with energy metabolism modulation, suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology published new progress about 14-3-3 Proteins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Quality Control of 2044-85-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kanter, Jean-Philippe published the artcileThe impact of hybrid yeasts on the aroma profile of cool climate Riesling wines, Product Details of C10H20O2, the main research area is Saccharomyces cerevisia aroma climate wine; Aroma; Citronellol (PubChem CID8842); Hotrienol (PubChem CID5366264); Hybrid yeasts; Isoamyl acetate (PubChem CID31276); Linalool (PubChem CID6549); Monoterpenes; Riesling; Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. bayanus; Saccharomyces kudriavzevii; Saccharomyces paradoxus; Sulphur dioxide (PubChem CID1119); Wine flavour; l-Malic acid (PubChem CID222656); α – Terpineol (PubChem CID, 17100).

The current study highlights the effects of intra- and interspecific hybrid yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces (S.) on the alc. fermentation and formation of aroma compounds in cool climate Riesling wines. Three different hybrid yeasts: S. cerevisiae x S. paradoxus (SC x SP), S. cerevisiae x S. kudriavzevii (SC x SK) and S. cerevisiae var. cerevisiae x S. cerevisiae var. bayanus (SC x SB) were investigated. The species S. cerevisiae var. bayanus (SB) was chosen as control variant. It has been demonstrated that the hybrid yeasts have the ability to preserve pos. properties while, suppressing undesired properties from the parental yeast species. The hybrid SC x SK showed an increase of desired acetate esters and monoterpenes. The concentrations of higher alcs. were higher in wines fermented by SC x SP, compared to the other variants. SC x SP fermentations resulted in decreased concentrations of L-malate and sulfites.

Food Chemistry: X published new progress about Esters Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (acetate). 106-32-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Product Details of C10H20O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Linyi published the artcileSalidroside ameliorated intermittent hypoxia-aggravated endothelial barrier disruption and atherosclerosis via the cAMP/PKA/RhoA signaling pathway, Application of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, the main research area is salidroside cAMP PKA RhoA endothelial barrier disruption atherosclerosis pathway; atherosclerosis; endothelial barrier; intermittent hypoxia; obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome; salidroside.

Endothelial barrier dysfunction plays a key role in atherosclerosis progression. The primary pathol. of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome is chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH), which induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, endothelial barrier injury, and atherosclerosis. Salidroside, a typical pharmacol. constituent of Rhodiola genus, has documented antioxidative, and cardiovascular protective effects. However, whether salidroside can improve IH-aggravated endothelial barrier dysfunction and atherosclerosis has not been elucidated. In normal chow diet-fed ApoE-/- mice, salidroside (100 mg/kg/d, p. o.) significantly ameliorated the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and barrier injury aggravated by 7-wk IH (21%-5%-21%, 120 s/cycle). In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), exposure to IH (21%-5%-21%, 40 min/cycle, 72 cycles) decreased transendothelial elec. resistance and protein expression of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and zonula occludens 1. In addition, IH promoted ROS production and activated ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway. All of these effects of IH were reversed by salidroside. Similar to salidroside, ROCK-selective inhibitors Y26732, and Fasudil protected HUVECs from IH-induced ROS overproduction and endothelial barrier disruption. Furthermore, salidroside increased intracellular cAMP levels, while the PKA-selective inhibitor H-89 attenuated the effects of salidroside on IH-induced RhoA/ROCK suppression, ROS scavenging, and barrier protection. Our findings demonstrate that salidroside effectively ameliorated IH-aggravated endothelial barrier injury and atherosclerosis, largely through the cAMP/PKA/RhoA signaling pathway.

Frontiers in Pharmacology published new progress about Apolipoprotein E Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Application of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics