Month: December 2022

Kamiyoshihara, Yusuke published the artcileFunctional divergence of principal alcohol o-acyltransferase for biosynthesis of volatile acetate esters among tomato wild species (Solanum Sect. Lycopersicon), Product Details of C9H10O2, the main research area is AAT1 acetate ester Solanum Lycopersicon; Alcohol o-acyltransferase; Fruit flavor; Lycopersicon; Tomato wild species; Volatile esters.

Volatile esters are the chems. that have multiple physiol. functions including plant defense responses and reproduction From a human perspective, the esters largely contribute to the fruity aroma of freshy fruits. Composition of volatile esters show a significant diversity among the wild tomato species (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon). To address the basis for this divergence, here we conducted functional anal. of a gene encoding major alc. o-acyltransferase (AAT1) that catalyzes volatile ester formation. Although AAT1 transcripts were highly expressed in the ripe fruits of all the wild species examined, their enzymic properties significantly differed due to amino acid sequence variations. Notably, AAT1s from S. pennellii showed the highest ability to produce acetate esters whereas AAT1s from S. neorickii, S. chmielewskii and S. habrochaites had the lowest activities. Further, screenings using domain-swapped or point-mutated AAT1s allowed us to identify Met/Thr352 as one of the critical residues related to the transferase activity with acetyl-CoA. This finding is potentially applied to aroma engineering in which a site-directed mutagenesis at this position in alc. o-acyltransferases could enable to manipulate volatile ester levels in ripe fruits.

Plant Science (Shannon, Ireland) published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Product Details of C9H10O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mishchenko, Natalia P. published the artcileAntiviral potential of sea urchin aminated spinochromes against herpes simplex virus type 1, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Echinarachnius echinochrome echinamine herpes simplex virus infection; Vero cells; echinamine A; echinamine B; echinochrome A; glycoprotein gD; herpes simplex virus type 1; molecular docking.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is one of the most prevalent pathogens worldwide requiring the search for new candidates for the creation of antiherpetic drugs. The ability of sea urchin spinochromes-echinochrome A (EchA) and its aminated analogs, echinamines A (EamA) and B (EamB)-to inhibit different stages of HSV-1 infection in Vero cells and to reduce the virus-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied. We found that spinochromes exhibited maximum antiviral activity when HSV-1 was pretreated with these compounds, which indicated the direct effect of spinochromes on HSV-1 particles. EamB and EamA both showed the highest virucidal activity by inhibiting the HSV-1 plaque formation, with a selectivity index (SI) of 80.6 and 50.3, resp., and a reduction in HSV-1 attachment to cells (SI of 8.5 and 5.8, resp.). EamA and EamB considerably suppressed the early induction of ROS due to the virus infection. The ability of the tested compounds to directly bind to the surface glycoprotein, gD, of HSV-1 was established in silico. The dock score of EchA, EamA, and EamB was -4.75, -5.09, and -5.19 kcal/mol, resp., which correlated with the SI of the virucidal action of these compounds and explained their ability to suppress the attachment and penetration of the virus into the cells.

Marine Drugs published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Xing published the artcileEffect of mixed fermentation with Pichia fermentans, Hanseniaspora uvarum, and Wickeramomyces anomala on the quality of fig (Ficus carica L.) wines, Computed Properties of 106-32-1, the main research area is fermentation Pichia fermentans Hanseniaspora uvarum Wickeramomyces anomala fig wine.

This study aimed at evaluating the quality of fig wines that co-fermented by three non-Saccharomyces. Four suitable ratios were selected for co-fermentation, and the fermentation performance of fig wines was compared with fig juice and the pure fermentation of Saccharomyces. High performance liquid chromatog. was used to analyze organic acids and mono-phenols in fig wines, and the amino acid analyzer was used to detect free amino acids. The results showed that fig wines fermented by non-Saccharomyces had higher contents of organic acids and mono-phenols. Head space solid phase microextraction method and analyzed by gas chromatog. mass spectrometry was used to detect 48 aroma compounds in fig wines, and the results revealed that co-fermentation by non-Saccharomyces could obtain up to 38 aroma compounds, which was superior to 30 substances obtained from fermentation by Saccharomyces. Principal component anal. was used to detect pos. correlations between samples and aroma compounds The results showed that there were significant differences in the aroma compounds in the different samples. Non-Saccharomyces played an important role in the aroma and flavor of fruit wine, and were used as an auxiliary starter culture to improve the effect of Saccharomyces fermentation The research on non-Saccharomyces in the literature was limited to the use of non-Saccharomyces alone for fermentation, and the fermentation performance was much worse than Saccharomyces. In this study, three non-Saccharomyces were selected for co-fermentation The result revealed that pleasant fig wine could be obtained by co-fermentation of non-Saccharomyces without a Saccharomyces starter culture, which provided a significant reference for the subsequent research on non-Saccharomyces and fig wines.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 106-32-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Computed Properties of 106-32-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

El-Fadeal, Noha M. Abd published the artcileAntitumor activity of nitazoxanide against colon cancers: molecular docking and experimental studies based on Wnt/beta-catenin signaling inhibition, Quality Control of 55981-09-4, the main research area is antitumor activity nitazoxanide colon cancer mol docking signaling inhibition; PCNA; Wnt/β-catenin signaling; apoptosis; molecular docking; mouse colon cancer; nitazoxanide.

In colon cancer, wingless (Wnt)/ β-catenin signaling is frequently upregulated; however, the creation of a mol. therapeutic agent targeting this pathway is still under investigation. This research aimed to study how nitazoxanide can affect Wnt/ β-catenin signaling in colon cancer cells (HCT-116) and a mouse colon cancer model. Our study included 2 experiments; the first was to test the cytotoxic activity of nitazoxanide in an in vitro study on a colon cancer cell line (HCT-116) vs. normal colon cells (FHC) and to highlight the proapoptotic effect by MTT assay, flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The second experiment tested the in vivo cytotoxic effect of nitazoxanide against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) prompted cancer in mice. Mice were grouped as saline, DMH control and DMH + nitazoxanide [100 or 200 mg per kg]. Colon levels of Wnt and β-catenin proteins were assessed by Western blotting while proliferation was measured via immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Treating HCT-116 cells with nitazoxanide (inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) = 11.07 μM) revealed that it has a more cytotoxic effect when compared to 5-flurouracil (IC50 = 11.36 μM). Moreover, it showed relatively high IC50 value (non-cytotoxic) against the normal colon cells. Nitazoxanide induced apoptosis by 15.86-fold compared to control and arrested the cell cycle. Furthermore, nitazoxanide upregulated proapoptotic proteins (P53 and BAX) and caspases but downregulated BCL-2. Nitazoxanide downregulated Wnt/ β-catenin/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) signaling and PCNA staining in the current mouse model. Hence, our findings highlighted the cytotoxic effect of nitazoxanide and pointed out the effect on Wnt/ β-catenin/GSK-3β signaling.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 55981-09-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2-((5-Nitrothiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)phenyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C12H9N3O5S, Quality Control of 55981-09-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ohlmann, Dominik M. published the artcileRegioselective Synthesis of β-Aryl- and β-Amino-Substituted Aliphatic Esters by Rhodium-Catalyzed Tandem Double-Bond Migration/Conjugate Addition, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 5-methylhex-5-enoate, the main research area is unsaturated ester rhodium phosphite catalyst isomerization conjugate addition; arylborate amine nucleophile conjugate addition unsaturated ester; ester aryl amino substituted derivative preparation.

Rhodium-phosphite catalysts were found to effectively mediate double-bond migrations within unsaturated esters. Once the double-bond is in conjugation with the carboxylate group, they also catalyze the Michael addition of carbon and nitrogen nucleophiles. In the presence of these catalysts, unsaturated carboxylates enter a dynamic equilibrium of positional and geometrical double-bond isomers. The conjugated species are continuously removed through 1,4-additions with formation of β-amino esters or β-arylated products, depending on the nucleophile employed. The applicability of both protocols to a range of substrates, such as fatty esters of different chain lengths and double-bond positions, and several nucleophiles including arylborates and primary and secondary amines, is demonstrated.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about Aliphatic esters Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation) (β-aryl). 39495-82-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 5-methylhex-5-enoate, and the molecular formula is C9H16O2, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 5-methylhex-5-enoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nguyen, Dinh Duc published the artcileTechnical and Economic Analysis of Conventional and Supercritical Transesterification for Biofuel Production, SDS of cas: 111-11-5, the main research area is potassium hydroxide catalyst castor oil biofuel transesterification.

The transesterification process with potassium hydroxide (KOH) catalyst and the methanol supercritical process were evaluated by Aspen HYSYS software. Castor oil and methanol were used as feed and alc. In order to accomplish verification, the simulation results were compared to a laboratory research. For economic anal., these results were transferred to Aspen Economic Analyzer software. Piping and process equipment cost were calculated for the two processes. Addnl., direct and indirect costs of these processes were estimated

Chemical Engineering & Technology published new progress about Aldehydes Role: FMU (Formation, Unclassified), FORM (Formation, Nonpreparative). 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, SDS of cas: 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lee, Johnny W. published the artcileRedox-Neutral TEMPO Catalysis: Direct Radical (Hetero)Aryl C-H Di- and Trifluoromethoxylation, Recommanded Product: Benzyl acetate, the main research area is TEMPO catalyst heteroaryl trifluoromethoxylation; arenes; fluorination; radicals; reaction mechanisms; synthetic methods.

Applications of TEMPO· catalysis for the development of redox-neutral transformations are rare. Reported here is the first TEMPO·-catalyzed, redox-neutral C-H di- and trifluoromethoxylation of (hetero)arenes. The reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope, has high functional-group tolerance, and can be employed for the late-stage functionalization of complex druglike mols. Kinetic measurements, isolation and resubjection of catalytic intermediates, UV/visible studies, and DFT calculations support the proposed oxidative TEMPO·/TEMPO+ redox catalytic cycle. Mechanistic studies also suggest that Li2CO3 plays an important role in preventing catalyst deactivation. These findings will provide new insights into the design and development of novel reactions through redox-neutral TEMPO· catalysis.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Heterocyclic aromatic compounds Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Recommanded Product: Benzyl acetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Laurent, Jitka published the artcileThe Potential of Kluyveromyces marxianus to Produce Low-FODMAP Straight-Dough and Sourdough Bread: a Pilot-Scale Study, Product Details of C11H22O2, the main research area is Kluyveromyces Saccharomyces sourdough bread glucose microbial growth.

Diets low in fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) can help reduce symptoms in 50 to 80% of patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. Patients are, therefore, often advised to avoid products contributing to FODMAP intake, such as cereal grain products. However, these products are nutritious staple foods and avoiding their consumption may result in nutritional deficiencies. The development of low-FODMAP, high-fiber cereal grain products is therefore desirable. This pilot-scale study shows that Kluyveromyces marxianus CBS6014 (K. marxianus) results in more fructan hydrolysis and a significantly lower final fructan level in white and whole-grain toast bread as well as in rye sourdough bread compared to a com. Saccharomyces cerevisiae baking strain. Moreover, combined fructan and fructose levels in white and whole-grain bread prepared with K. marxianus remained well below the threshold concentration for low-FODMAP products. In addition to reducing fructan levels, K. marxianus in rye sourdough bread also pos. impacted bread height. Whereas further follow-up studies are needed to assess the potential of K. marxianus for bread production fully, our study suggests that this yeast species may open exciting novel routes for the production of low-FODMAP, high-fiber products.

Food and Bioprocess Technology published new progress about Disaccharides Role: FFD (Food or Feed Use), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 123-29-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl nonanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Product Details of C11H22O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Knothe, Gerhard published the artcileFatty acids, triterpenes and cycloalkanes in ficus seed oils, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1, the main research area is Ficus seed oil fatty acid triterpene cycloalkane; Cycloalkanes; Fatty acid composition; Ficus nota; Ficus septica; Ficus ulmifolia; Gas chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Moraceae; Triterpenes.

The compositions of the seed oils obtained by hexane extraction of three members of the Ficus genus of the Moraceae plant family was determined, namely Ficus nota, Ficus septica, Ficus ulmifolia. Linolenic acid is the most prominent fatty acid in the seed oils followed by linoleic acid, with these two fatty acid comprising about 75% of the fatty acids in the oils. The high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids coincides with high levels of these acids predominating among the fatty acids observed in various plant parts of other Ficus species. Besides the fatty acids, a variety of phytochems. also found in other plant parts of Ficus species were observed in the seed oils, including squalene, pentacyclic triterpenes such as α-amyrin, β-amyrin and lupeol, as well as sterols such as cholesterol and γ-sitosterol, the former at unusually elevated levels. The levels of these phytochems. vary from species to species and location of harvest, with F. ulmifolia showing by far the highest level of these materials and with α-amyrin, β-amyrin and lupeol being the most common, their amounts exceeding those of fatty acids for samples from one specific location. Surprisingly, low levels of macrocyclic alkanes in the range of C24-C30 were identified.

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (Issy-les-Moulineaux, France) published new progress about Cycloalkanes Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ashmawy, Ashraf M. published the artcileNovel allyl-ester-based polymers as flow improvers for waxy crude oil, Synthetic Route of 583-04-0, the main research area is allyl ester polymer waxy crude oil flow improver.

The deposition of paraffin wax from crude oil at low temperatures due to wax deposition, high pour point, high viscosity, and weak flow capability is among the critical and persisting challenges faced by the petroleum industry. In this study, a new para-decyloxy allyl benzoate (I10) was prepared, polymerized into HI10, and copolymerized with dioctadecyl maleate into MHI10 via the freeradical polymerization method employing azobisisobutyronitrile and toluene as the initiator and solvent, resp. The prepared monomer was characterized by spectroscopic analyses (Fourier-transform IR (FT-IR)) and proton NMR. Further, the polymers were characterized by FT-IR, and their average mol. weights were determined by gel permeation chromatog. The prepared compounds were taken in different concentrations and then tested as flow improvers of Qarun waxy crude oil using pour point depression and rheol. parameters. The results of this test indicated that MHI10 exerted the highest effect on pour point reduction and the rheol. parameters (yield value and apparent viscosity). Moreover, an increase in the efficiency of the additives was observed after increasing their concentration from 1000 to 5000 ppm.

Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly published new progress about Copolymers Role: FMU (Formation, Unclassified), FORM (Formation, Nonpreparative). 583-04-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Allyl benzoate, and the molecular formula is C10H10O2, Synthetic Route of 583-04-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics