Month: December 2022

Li, Zhan-Ku published the artcileEthanol and formic acid as synergistic solvents for converting lignite to platform chemicals, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is ethanol formic acid phenol ester lignite ethanolysis.

Formic acid (FA)-catalyzed ethanolysis of Xilinguole lignite (XL) was carried out with FA to ethanol ratio of 0-1:6 mL/mL at 220-320 °C. The optimal conditions were determined to be 300 °C and FA to ethanol ratio of 1:10 mL/mL based on ethanol-soluble portion (ESP) yield and the maximum ESP yield is 48.0 wt%. Both carbon balance and Fourier transform IR spectrometric analyses confirm that FA and ethanol involved in ethanolysis of XL. Three major platform chems., i.e., arenes, phenols, and esters, were identified in ESPs by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry. The yields of arenes and phenols significantly increased from 15.67 to 58.33 mg/g and 36.02 to 168.44 mg/g with adding FA to ethanolysis of XL, resp. The alkyl groups of arenes and phenols are more abundant in ESPs from FA-catalyzed ethanolysis of XL. The results suggest that FA enhanced hydrogenolysis of aryl ethers and alkylation of ethanol during XL ethanolysis. Hydrogen generated from FA hindered dehydrogenation of ethanol, resulting in the decrease of ethanol-derived esters. Ethanol acts as in-situ hydrogen donor for hydrogenolysis and reactant for alkylation, aldol condensation, and esterification, while FA serves as acid catalyst and in-situ hydrogen donor for hydrogenolysis. Addnl., possible pathways for FA-catalyzed ethanolysis of XL were proposed.

Fuel published new progress about Aldol condensation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Zhan-Ku published the artcileEthanol and formic acid as synergistic solvents for converting lignite to platform chemicals, Recommanded Product: Ethyl nonanoate, the main research area is ethanol formic acid phenol ester lignite ethanolysis.

Formic acid (FA)-catalyzed ethanolysis of Xilinguole lignite (XL) was carried out with FA to ethanol ratio of 0-1:6 mL/mL at 220-320 °C. The optimal conditions were determined to be 300 °C and FA to ethanol ratio of 1:10 mL/mL based on ethanol-soluble portion (ESP) yield and the maximum ESP yield is 48.0 wt%. Both carbon balance and Fourier transform IR spectrometric analyses confirm that FA and ethanol involved in ethanolysis of XL. Three major platform chems., i.e., arenes, phenols, and esters, were identified in ESPs by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry. The yields of arenes and phenols significantly increased from 15.67 to 58.33 mg/g and 36.02 to 168.44 mg/g with adding FA to ethanolysis of XL, resp. The alkyl groups of arenes and phenols are more abundant in ESPs from FA-catalyzed ethanolysis of XL. The results suggest that FA enhanced hydrogenolysis of aryl ethers and alkylation of ethanol during XL ethanolysis. Hydrogen generated from FA hindered dehydrogenation of ethanol, resulting in the decrease of ethanol-derived esters. Ethanol acts as in-situ hydrogen donor for hydrogenolysis and reactant for alkylation, aldol condensation, and esterification, while FA serves as acid catalyst and in-situ hydrogen donor for hydrogenolysis. Addnl., possible pathways for FA-catalyzed ethanolysis of XL were proposed.

Fuel published new progress about Aldol condensation. 123-29-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl nonanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Recommanded Product: Ethyl nonanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cho, Hong Je published the artcileSelectivity Control in Tandem Catalytic Furfural Upgrading on Zeolite-Encapsulated Pt Nanoparticles through Site and Solvent Engineering, Name: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is selectivity tandem catalytic furfural upgrading zeolite encapsulated platinum nanoparticle.

Selectivity control is a pressing challenge in developing selective tandem catalytic processes. In this work, we demonstrate that tailoring types of acid sites of zeolite-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles (NPs) and solvents provide a compelling strategy to manipulate product distribution in tandem catalysis. Model tandem furfural conversion with acetone and ethanol (EtOH) is investigated in cyclohexane and EtOH solvents. Pt NPs encapsulated in ZSM-5 with Bronsted acid sites (BAS) only located in intracrystalline mesopores selectively mediate the tandem Aldol condensation and subsequent hydrogenation of furfural and acetone by limiting the access of furfural to Pt sites and promoting the Aldol condensation. A combined yield of 69% toward hydrogenated Aldol adducts is achieved. In contrast, furfural hydrogenation to valeric acid (VA) and Et valerate (EV) dominates with a combined yield of 80% on Pt NPs encapsulated in ZSM-5 with Lewis acid sites (LAS) and BAS in both zeolitic micropores and intracrystalline mesopores. Concentration of EtOH in the reaction system is identified as another key parameter in selectivity control: (1) Low EtOH concentrations (EtOH to furfural ratio of <5) suppress the catalytic transfer hydrogenation pathway and favor the formation of 2-methylfuran (MF) from furfural as most hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis steps occur on Pt NPs; (2) Modest EtOH concentrations (EtOH to furfural ratio of 5-10) favor VA/EV by enabling the catalytic transfer hydrogenation pathway in zeolitic micropores and exposing intermediates to BAS prior to Pt NPs; and (3) High EtOH concentrations (EtOH to furfural ratio of >10) suppress the production of VA/EV by excessive water formation via acid catalyzed etherification of EtOH. Therefore, tailoring the nature of active sites and solvent composition are both effective strategies in manipulating the product distribution in tandem catalysis.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about Aldol condensation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Name: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhao, Xuelai published the artcileSynthesis of long chain alkanes via aldol condensation over modified chitosan catalyst and subsequent hydrodeoxygenation, COA of Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is furfural levulinic acid aldol condensation hydrodeoxygenation.

In this paper, jet fuel range alkanes were produced by aldol condensation of furfural and levulinic acid over modified chitosan catalyst and subsequent hydrodeoxygenation. NaOH modified chitosan was developed and used as a solid catalyst in the aldol condensation of furfural and levulinic acid to produce long carbon chain compounds At room temperature, the total yield of condensation products reached 94.4% over NaOH/CT-4 catalyst. The amine of chitosan plays an important role in the aldol condensation, which reacted with the aldehyde group of the furfural, producing an intermediate Schiff base and promoting the formation of condensation products. This new route avoided the occurrence of side reactions caused by NaOH. Therefore, the yield of the products was greatly increased. Moreover, kinetic anal. of the condensation reaction and the test of catalyst repeatability were also conducted with NaOH/CT-4. The condensation products were further converted to long-chain branched alkanes by hydrodeoxygenation over the 5 wt% Pd/NbOPO4 catalyst. As a potential application, these alkanes could be mixed with and used as the components of jet fuels.

Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Aldol condensation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, COA of Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Xiaotu published the artcilePlastic additives in ambient fine particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta, China: High-throughput characterization and health implications, Application In Synthesis of 71617-10-2, the main research area is plastic additives particulate matter Pearl River Delta China; high throughput characterization health implications.

Elucidation of the chem. components of airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) facilitates the characterization of atm. contamination sources and associated human exposure risks. In the present study, we employed a high-throughput anal. approach to investigate the abundance and distribution of 163 plastic additives in ambient PM2.5 collected from 94 different sites across the Pearl River Delta region, China. These chems. are from six categories, including organophosphate esters (OPEs), phthalate esters (PAEs), PAE replacements, bisphenol analogs, UV stabilizers, and antioxidants. Ninety-three of them exhibited a detection frequency greater than 50% in PM2.5, while the combined concentrations of target plastic additives ranged from 610 to 49,400μg/g (median: 3500μg/g) across sites. By category, concentrations of PAEs (median: 2710μg/g) were one to three orders of magnitude greater than those of other groups, followed by PAE replacements (540μg/g) and OPEs (76.2μg/g). Chem.-dependent exposure risks to PM2.5-bound plastic additives were characterized via the estimated daily intake and hazard quotient (HQ) approaches, which resulted in two different risk prioritization systems. Although the HQ approach suggested no or very low health concerns when considering individual chems., the complexity of co-concurrent chems. in PM2.5 raises the concern on potential health risks from exposure to airborne particles and a cocktail of chem. components.

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Airborne particles. 71617-10-2 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Isopentyl 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)acrylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20O3, Application In Synthesis of 71617-10-2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jimenez-Sanchez, Maria published the artcileUse of ultrasound at a pilot scale to accelerate the ageing of sherry vinegar, Computed Properties of 140-11-4, the main research area is sherry vinegar aging ultrasound; Accelerated ageing; Oak; Phenolic compounds; Sherry vinegar; Ultrasound; Volatile compounds.

In the present work, the accelerated ageing process of sherry vinegar has been studied at pilot scale by means of the joint application of ultrasound, micro-oxygenation and wood chips (American oak, French oak and Spanish oak). The CIELab parameters have been studied as well as the polyphenolic and volatile content of the aged vinegar samples. Vinegars aged with American oak presented different chromatic characteristics to those aged with French and Spanish oak and a lower polyphenolic and volatile content than the latter ones. On the other hand, Spanish oak generated vinegars with a higher content of volatile compounds and an intermediate polyphenolic profile between those obtained using French and American oak. In addition, the use of ultrasound for a period between 4 and 21 days, generated vinegars with similar characteristics to others that were aged in the traditional way for between 2 and 6 mo. It has been demonstrated that the use of ultrasound, combined with micro-oxygenation and chip addition, is a technique which can accelerate the ageing process of vinegars at a pilot scale, so it could be a viable alternative to obtain sherry vinegars aged in a shorter time.

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry published new progress about Aging of materials. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Computed Properties of 140-11-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Limei published the artcileChanges in cell wall metabolism and flavor qualities of mushrooms (Agaricus bernardii) under EMAP treatments during storage, Recommanded Product: Ethyl octanoate, the main research area is Agaricus bernardii flavor cell wall metabolism EMAP storage.

To clarify the dynamic changes of cell wall metabolism and flavor components in Agaricus bernardii packed with the packaging materials during storage. The polyethylene (PE), poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/ poly (L-lactic acid) (ECFPLA) and PBAT/PLLA/ hydrophobic silica (ECFPLASiO2) with a different gas/water vapor permeability were used as equilibrium modified atm. packaging (EMAP) materials, and an appropriate gas concentration [O2 (0.01-0.03%), CO2 (4.58-6.62%)] was created inside the ECFPLASiO2 packaging, which led to Agaricus bernardii with higher level of cell wall components and lower level of cell wall degrading enzymes during the storage period. For the first time application of HS-SPME-GC-MS on an extract from fresh Agaricus bernardii. The results showed that volatile compounds of fresh Agaricus bernardii mainly consists of alcs., ketones and aldehydes, with 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 1-octene-3-alc. and phenylcarbinol being most abundant compounds During the storage time, the varieties and content of volatile compounds were changed in all treatments. Alcs., aldehydes, hydrocarbons and esters contents increased during the storage while ketones declined. Among all treatment groups, ECFPLASiO2 group showed higher most abundant compounds and organic acid content. The results suggest that ECFPLASiO2 film could be used to reduce the changes in cell walls and flavor components after harvest and extend the shelf life of Agaricus bernardii.

Food Packaging and Shelf Life published new progress about Agaricus bernardii. 106-32-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Recommanded Product: Ethyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Veloso, Ronice Alves published the artcileChemical composition and bioactivity of essential oil from Morinda citrifolia L. fruit, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is Morinda fruit essential oil chem composition.

Morinda citrifolia has aroused the interest of several research institutions due to its pharmacol. properties. The compounds biosynthesized can be explored as an alternative for control measures of plant pathogens causing leaf lesions in maize. The study aim at evaluating the potential effects of essential oil obtained from ripe fruits of M. citrifolia on Bipolaris maydis and Exserohilum turcicum isolated from maize plants. Ripe fruits were subjected to extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation method and chem. composition was determined by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry. The yield of essential oil was 0.17% (v/w), and the main constituents identified were octanoic acid constitutes 82.2%, hexanoic acid 8.3%, 3-methylbutyl octanoate 4.2%, and Et etanoate 2.5%. Mycelial growth control in vitro and in vivo of B. maydis and E. turcicum spots diseases in maize plants was evaluated and the fruit of M. citrifolia was found to have potential essential oil with fungicidal activity at concentration 0.25%. With area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values lower than those observed in treatments with fungicide, the preventive control of leaf spot in B. maydis plants using essential oil of M. citrifolia showed biol. activities and therefore a source of mols. to be exploited that can minimize the severity of diseases.

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research published new progress about Aerosol fungicides. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Veloso, Ronice Alves published the artcileChemical composition and bioactivity of essential oil from Morinda citrifolia L. fruit, Synthetic Route of 106-32-1, the main research area is Morinda fruit essential oil chem composition.

Morinda citrifolia has aroused the interest of several research institutions due to its pharmacol. properties. The compounds biosynthesized can be explored as an alternative for control measures of plant pathogens causing leaf lesions in maize. The study aim at evaluating the potential effects of essential oil obtained from ripe fruits of M. citrifolia on Bipolaris maydis and Exserohilum turcicum isolated from maize plants. Ripe fruits were subjected to extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation method and chem. composition was determined by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry. The yield of essential oil was 0.17% (v/w), and the main constituents identified were octanoic acid constitutes 82.2%, hexanoic acid 8.3%, 3-methylbutyl octanoate 4.2%, and Et etanoate 2.5%. Mycelial growth control in vitro and in vivo of B. maydis and E. turcicum spots diseases in maize plants was evaluated and the fruit of M. citrifolia was found to have potential essential oil with fungicidal activity at concentration 0.25%. With area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values lower than those observed in treatments with fungicide, the preventive control of leaf spot in B. maydis plants using essential oil of M. citrifolia showed biol. activities and therefore a source of mols. to be exploited that can minimize the severity of diseases.

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research published new progress about Aerosol fungicides. 106-32-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Synthetic Route of 106-32-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fortunato, Giovanni published the artcileHighly Transparent and Colorless Self-Healing Polyacrylate Coatings Based on Diels-Alder Chemistry, Product Details of C16H30O2, the main research area is self healing polyacrylate coating Diels Alder chem transparent colorless.

The efficient integration of reversible polymer networks into acrylate-based polymeric materials is of peculiar interest for the development of coatings that combine high transparency with self-healing ability. In this work, reversible networks are obtained by reacting a series of linear copolymers of furfuryl methacrylate with aliphatic bismaleimides through Diels-Alder (DA) reaction between furan and maleimide moieties. Owing to dynamic crosslinking, the obtained coatings exhibit thermal reversibility, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry and dissolution experiments Furthermore, upon heating over the retro-DA temperature, an excellent recovery of mech. induced surface damages proves successful thermal remendability. Compared to previous reports on DA-based acrylate networks, the presented thermally responsive coatings exhibit outstanding transparency and absence of color, as a result of an accurate choice of suitable monomeric precursors. In addition, a pronounced hydrophobic behavior and excellent adhesive properties make the proposed material particularly suitable for optical applications.

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering published new progress about Adhesion, physical. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Product Details of C16H30O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics