Month: December 2022

Melfi, Diego Trevisan published the artcileSupercritical CO2 as solvent for fatty acids esterification with ethanol catalyzed by Amberlyst-15, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is carbon dioxide Amberlyst esterification catalyst fatty acid ethanol.

This work reports on the esterification of fatty acids with ethanol using Amberlyst-15 in a scCO2-assisted system. A factorial design was carried out for the following process variables: temperature (70°C-110°C), ethanol to acid molar ratio (3:1 to 9:1) and catalyst to acid concentration (5-20 wt%), with a fixed amount of CO2 added to the reactor (28.62 g). The best reaction condition led to an 87% conversion at 110°C, 9:1, and 20 wt% in 15 min of reaction time. An exploratory kinetic study illustrates the effect of catalyst amount and molar ratio in isothermal kinetic curves. Also, a catalyst reuse study was performed. Addnl., different carboxylic acids and methanol, instead of ethanol, were evaluated as reagents. At all proposed systems, the addition of scCO2 increased the reaction conversion.

Journal of Supercritical Fluids published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Da Silva, Marcio Jose published the artcileEsterification of levulinic acid over Sn(II) exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid salts: An efficient route to obtain bioadditives, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8, the main research area is esterification levulinate tin exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid bioadditive.

In this paper, we describe a process to add value to the biomass derivatives (i.e., levulinic acid), converting it to bioadditives over solid Sn(II) exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid salts. These solid catalysts are an attractive alternative to the traditional soluble and corrosive Bronsted acid catalysts. Among Sn(II) heteropoly salts, the Sn1.5PW12O40 was the most active and selective catalyst, achieving high conversions (ca. 90%) and selectivity (90-97%) for alkyl esters and angelica lactone, the main reaction products. The impacts of the main reaction parameters (i.e., catalyst load, temperature, and the molar ratio of alc. to acid) were investigated. The use of renewable raw material, and an efficient and recyclable catalyst are the main pos. features of this process. The Sn1.5PW12O40 catalyst was easily recovered and reused without loss activity.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhou, Le published the artcileSwitchable anti-peeping film for liquid crystal displays from polymer dispersed liquid crystals, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is antipeeping film polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

Liquid crystals displays (LCDs) currently dominate the display market, wherein a wide viewing angle is considered as one of the most important characteristics. However, for LCDs with wide viewing angles, some private information inevitably becomes more visible; thus, an LCD with a switchable viewing angle has attracted greater interest. Here, we report a novel switchable viewing angle film that can make the viewing angle of an LCD elec. switchable between ±30° and ±60°, i.e. between an anti-peeping mode and a share mode, by 5.0 V is turned on and off, resp. The response time necessary to change between the modes is in milliseconds. It is believed that it has potential applications in LCDs with high quality.

Liquid Crystals published new progress about Electric field. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Shuaifeng published the artcileFluorescence enhancement of quantum dots from the titanium dioxide/liquid crystals/polymer composite films, Application In Synthesis of 142-90-5, the main research area is quantum dot titania liquid crystal polymer composite film fluorescence.

The fluorescence enhancement of QDs-doped TiO2/polymer, LCs/polymer, and TiO2/LCs/polymer composite systems was comparatively studied. It was proposed that the large photoluminescence enhancement of QDs was induced by the synergistic effect of LCs/polymer composite and TiO2 nanoparticles possessing 150 nm particle size and 0.1 wt% loading content. The enhancement factor of QDs-doped TiO2/LCs/polymer nanocomposite film was approx. 6-fold relative to the QDs-doped polymer. Moreover, this nanocomposite film enabled to realize elec. tuning of photoluminescence intensity and be prepared by a facile UV polymerization and large-scale manner. Furthermore, the excellent mech. properties nearly remained unchanged doping 0.1 wt% TiO2 in this LCs/polymer composite.

Liquid Crystals published new progress about Electric field. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Application In Synthesis of 142-90-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Utrilla-Vazquez, Marycarmen published the artcileAnalysis of volatile compounds of five varieties of Maya cocoa during fermentation and drying processes by Venn diagram and PCA, Formula: C9H10O2, the main research area is volatile compound maya cocoa during fermentation drying processes; 2-Heptanone (PubChem CID: 8051); 2-Methylbutanal (PubChem CID: 7284); 2-Nonanone (PubChem CID: 13187); Acetophenone (PubChem CID: 7410); Benzeneacetaldehyde (PubChem CID: 998); Benzonitrile (PubChem CID: 7505); Cocoa beans; Criollo and Trinitario; Fermented and unfermented; Furfural (PubChem CID: 7362); Isobutyl benzoate (PubChem CID: 61048); Trimethylpyrazine (PubChem CID: 26808); Volatile profile, aromatic quality; β-Myrcene (PubChem CID: 31253).

Fermented cocoa beans can be described as a complex matrix that integrates the chem. history of beans, their processing, and environmental factors. This study presents an anal. that aims to identify volatile compounds of five varieties of fine-aroma cocoa types. The cocoa types studied were Carmelo, Rojo Samuel, Lagarto, Arcoiris, Regalo de Dios, that grow in the Maya lands of Chiapas, Mexico. Profile of volatile compounds was obtained from each cacao type during fermentation and drying process. This profile of volatile compounds also was compared with beans unfermented, using a statistical anal. of Venn diagram and a multivariate Anal. of Principal Components (PCA). One hundred nine different compounds were identified by SPME-HS GC-MS, these compounds mainly related to desirable aromatic notes generated by esters, aldehydes, ketones, and alcs. The differences in chem. composition of the volatile compounds were associated mainly with the process and not to cocoa varieties. Fermented dry cocoa beans showed a higher content of esters, aldehydes, pyrazines, alcs., some acids, and furans where Lagarto (CL), Rojo Samuel (CR), and Regalo de Dios (TRD) cocoas type showed a more interesting aromatic profile. On the other hand, as expected dry unfermented cocoas presented a few numbers of aroma compounds, in the five cacao types, where alcs., ketones and hydrocarbons predominated.

Food Research International published new progress about Drying process. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Formula: C9H10O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Utrilla-Vazquez, Marycarmen published the artcileAnalysis of volatile compounds of five varieties of Maya cocoa during fermentation and drying processes by Venn diagram and PCA, Synthetic Route of 106-32-1, the main research area is volatile compound maya cocoa during fermentation drying processes; 2-Heptanone (PubChem CID: 8051); 2-Methylbutanal (PubChem CID: 7284); 2-Nonanone (PubChem CID: 13187); Acetophenone (PubChem CID: 7410); Benzeneacetaldehyde (PubChem CID: 998); Benzonitrile (PubChem CID: 7505); Cocoa beans; Criollo and Trinitario; Fermented and unfermented; Furfural (PubChem CID: 7362); Isobutyl benzoate (PubChem CID: 61048); Trimethylpyrazine (PubChem CID: 26808); Volatile profile, aromatic quality; β-Myrcene (PubChem CID: 31253).

Fermented cocoa beans can be described as a complex matrix that integrates the chem. history of beans, their processing, and environmental factors. This study presents an anal. that aims to identify volatile compounds of five varieties of fine-aroma cocoa types. The cocoa types studied were Carmelo, Rojo Samuel, Lagarto, Arcoiris, Regalo de Dios, that grow in the Maya lands of Chiapas, Mexico. Profile of volatile compounds was obtained from each cacao type during fermentation and drying process. This profile of volatile compounds also was compared with beans unfermented, using a statistical anal. of Venn diagram and a multivariate Anal. of Principal Components (PCA). One hundred nine different compounds were identified by SPME-HS GC-MS, these compounds mainly related to desirable aromatic notes generated by esters, aldehydes, ketones, and alcs. The differences in chem. composition of the volatile compounds were associated mainly with the process and not to cocoa varieties. Fermented dry cocoa beans showed a higher content of esters, aldehydes, pyrazines, alcs., some acids, and furans where Lagarto (CL), Rojo Samuel (CR), and Regalo de Dios (TRD) cocoas type showed a more interesting aromatic profile. On the other hand, as expected dry unfermented cocoas presented a few numbers of aroma compounds, in the five cacao types, where alcs., ketones and hydrocarbons predominated.

Food Research International published new progress about Drying process. 106-32-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Synthetic Route of 106-32-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Qincao published the artcileAroma formation and dynamic changes during white tea processing, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is aroma compound white tea withering drying; Amino acid; Aroma; GC × GC-TOFMS; Glycosidically bound volatile; White tea.

The formation of and dynamic changes in aroma during white tea processing have not previously been systematically investigated. In this study, advanced comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog.-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was employed to investigate the mechanism of white tea aroma formation. A total of 172 volatiles were identified and mainly comprising endogenous volatiles, which displayed diverse change trends during the withering period. In this process, free aroma precursor amino acids and glycosidically bound volatiles (GBVs) were found to contribute to the formation of white tea aroma, with the differential expression of aroma-related key genes accounting for various accumulation of endogenous volatiles and GBVs. In addition, the drying was also shown to play an important role in the formation of white tea aroma. Our study provides the first characterization of white tea aroma formation and establishes a theor. basis for quality control during white tea processing operations.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Drying process. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mohd. Hussin, Fathin Najihah Nor published the artcileTaguchi design-assisted immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase onto a ternary alginate/nanocellulose/montmorillonite composite: Physicochemical characterization, thermal stability and reusability studies, COA of Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is Candida rugosa lipase immobilization nanocellulose; Alginate; Candida rugosa lipase; Enzyme immobilization; Montmorillonite; Nanocellulose; Taguchi optimization.

Biomass from oil palm frond leaves (OPFL) is an excellent reservoir of lignocellulosic material which full potential remains untapped. This study aimed to statistically optimize the covalent immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) onto a ternary support comprised of OPFL derived nanocellulose (NC) and montmorillonite (MMT) in alginate (ALG) (CRL-ALG/NC/MMT). The coarser topol. and the presence of characteristic spherical globules in the field emission scanning electron micrographs and at. force micrographs, resp., supported the existence of CRL on ALG/NC/MMT. In addition, amide peaks at 3478 and 1640 cm-1 in the fourier transform IR spectra affirmed that CRL was covalently bonded to ALG/NC/MMT. The optimized Taguchi Design-assisted immobilization of CRL onto ALG/NC/MMT (7 h of immobilization, 35°C, pH 5, 7 mg/mL protein loading) gave a production yield of 92.89% of Et levulinate (EL), as proven by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometric ([M] +m/z 144, C7H12O3), FTIR and NMR (CAS-539-88-8) data. A higher optimal reaction temperature (50°C) and the reusability of CRL-ALG/NC/MMT for up to 9 esterification cycles substantiated the appreciable structural rigidification of the biocatalyst by ALG/NC/MMT, which improved the catalytic activity and thermal stability of the lipase.

Enzyme and Microbial Technology published new progress about Diutina rugosa. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, COA of Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aakko-Saksa, Paivi T. published the artcileRenewable Methanol with Ignition Improver Additive for Diesel Engines, Application of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is methanol fuel ignition improver additive diesel engine.

Reduced emissions and environmental burden from shipping are an important aim of tightening emission regulations and ambitious climate change strategy. Renewable methanol produced from biomass or from other renewable sources represents one option to face these challenges. We studied the potential of renewable methanol to offer such benefits in diesel operation in a Scania ethanol engine, which is designed for additized ethanol fuel (ED95) containing ignition improver and lubricity additives. Methanol (MD95) with several types of ignition improver and lubricity additives was studied for use in diesel engines. MD95 fuels were clean-burning, emitting even less gaseous emissions than ED95, particularly when glycerol ethoxylate was used as an ignition improver. Particle mass and number emissions originating from additives in the exptl. fuels could be reduced with an oxidation catalyst. Reduced additive dosing in the MD95 fuels was studied with the aid of fuel injection into the intake manifold. Overall, the results showed that the monofuel MD95 concept is a promising solution for smaller vessels equipped with 800-1200 kW engines.

Energy & Fuels published new progress about Diesel engines. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deuscher, Zoe published the artcileVolatile compounds profiling by using proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). The case study of dark chocolates organoleptic differences, Product Details of C9H10O2, the main research area is volatile compound dark chocolate organoleptic proton transfer TOF MS; CovSel; PLS-DA; PTR-ToF-MS; VOCs; chocolate; classification; profiling.

Direct-injection mass spectrometry (DIMS) techniques have evolved into powerful methods to analyze volatile organic compounds (VOCs) without the need of chromatog. separation Combined to chemometrics, they have been used in many domains to solve sample categorization issues based on volatilome determination In this paper, different DIMS methods that have largely outperformed conventional electronic noses (e-noses) in classification tasks are briefly reviewed, with an emphasis on food-related applications. A particular attention is paid to proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), and many results obtained using the powerful PTR-time of flight-MS (PTR-ToF-MS) instrument are reviewed. Data anal. and feature selection issues are also summarized and discussed. As a case study, a challenging problem of classification of dark chocolates that has been previously assessed by sensory evaluation in four distinct categories is presented. The VOC profiles of a set of 206 chocolate samples classified in the four sensory categories were analyzed by PTR-ToF-MS. A supervised multivariate data anal. based on partial least squares regression-discriminant anal. allowed the construction of a classification model that showed excellent prediction capability: 97% of a test set of 62 samples were correctly predicted in the sensory categories. Tentative identification of ions aided characterization of chocolate classes. Variable selection using dedicated methods pinpointed some volatile compounds important for the discrimination of the chocolates. Among them, the CovSel method was used for the first time on PTR-MS data resulting in a selection of 10 features that allowed a good prediction to be achieved. Finally, challenges and future needs in the field are discussed.

Journal of Mass Spectrometry published new progress about Dark chocolate. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Product Details of C9H10O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics