Month: December 2022

Su, Xueqian published the artcilePerformance of alternative drying techniques on hop (Humulus lupulus L.) aroma quality: An HS-SPME-GC-MS-O and chemometrics combined approach, Computed Properties of 111-11-5, the main research area is Humulus methyl octanoate linalool beta myrcene HSSPME GCMS olfactometry; Cost-effective; Decane (PubChem CID: 15600); Dehydrator drying; Geraniol (PubChem CID: 637566); Geranyl acetate (PubChem CID: 1549026); HS-SPME–GC–MS–O; Hop aroma; Linalool (PubChem CID: 6549); Quantitation; cis-β-Farnesene (PubChem CID: 5317319); trans-α-Bergamotene (PubChem CID: 254768862); α-Humulene (PubChem CID: 6508206); β-Caryophyllene (PubChem CID: 5281522); β-Myrcene (PubChem CID: 31253).

Economically feasible and effective hop drying strategies are urgently needed to respond to the increasing number of microbrewers in US. In this study, hops were dried by dehydrator-drying (52 °C), oven-drying (52 °C) and freeze-drying (25 °C) until the final moisture content reached 8-10%. Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS-O) was employed to analyze the aroma profiles in all dried hops. Me octanoate, β-myrcene, trans-α-bergamotene, linalool and geraniol were perceived as high-intensity aromas in all samples. Generally, dehydrator-dried hops contained the highest contents of aroma compounds among all groups, showing an increase of 5-23% and 6-37% when compared to freeze- and oven-dried hops, resp. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses also revealed aroma content differences from three drying methods. Dehydrator drying at 52 °C was therefore considered as an alternative and promising drying approach for smaller-scale hop processing, which can largely benefit regional producers and local craft breweries.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Chemometrics. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Computed Properties of 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ozcan-Sinir, Gulsah published the artcileDetection of adulteration in extra virgin olive oil by selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and chemometrics, SDS of cas: 123-29-5, the main research area is extra virgin olive oil adulteration SIFT MS chemometric.

Extra virgin olive oil is one of the most abundant oils used in a daily diet of Southern and Coastal European cities with its distinctive sensorial profile and health benefits. Because of its high price, EVOO has become one of the most adulterated foods in the world. The most widely used adulterants are seed and nut oils, lower quality olive oils or old olive oils. Many anal. methodologies have been used to detect adulteration. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry is a unique method that measures volatile organic compounds simply, rapidly and sensitively. Soft independent modeling of class analogy was used to distinguish between EVOO samples based on their volatile contents. This study focused on the measurement of the volatile composition of extra virgin olive oils and determines targeted adulteration. Apparent differentiation was detected between adulterated EVOO and EVOO samples. Interclass distances higher than 3 indicates that samples were significantly different. SIFT-MS is a rapid and accurate technique to determine EVOO adulteration with chemometrics. According to partial least squares regression adulteration levels were clear in most samples. 1-Octanol, 1-penten-3-one, 2-phenylethanol, dodecane, anisole, Et nonanoate, isobutanoic acid, ocimene, phenol, toluene were determined as the most discriminant compounds to classify adulteration.

Food Control published new progress about Chemometrics. 123-29-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl nonanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, SDS of cas: 123-29-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Qian, Xiaoqing published the artcileHair cell uptake of gentamicin in the developing mouse utricle, Computed Properties of 2044-85-1, the main research area is gentamicin uptake utricle hair cell mouse; MET channel; endocytosis; gentamicin; hair cell; utricle.

Intratympanic injection of gentamicin has proven to be an effective therapy for intractable vestibular dysfunction. However, most studies to date have focused on the cochlea, so little is known about the distribution and uptake of gentamicin by the counterpart of the auditory system, specifically vestibular hair cells (HCs). Here, with a combination of in vivo and in vitro approaches, we used a gentamicin-Texas Red (GTTR) conjugate to investigate the mechanisms of gentamicin vestibulotoxicity in the developing mammalian utricular HCs. In vivo, GTTR fluorescence was concentrated in the apical cytoplasm and the cellular membrane of neonatal utricular HCs, but scarce in the nucleus of HCs and supporting cells. Quant. anal. showed the GTTR uptake by striolar HCs was significantly higher than that in the extrastriola. In addition, the GTTR fluorescence intensity in the striola was increased gradually from 1 to 8 days, peaking at 8-9 days postnatally. In vitro, utricle explants were incubated with GTTR and candidate uptake conduits, including mechanotransduction (MET) channels and endocytosis in the HC, were inhibited sep. GTTR uptake by HCs could be inhibited by quinine, a blocker of MET channels, under both normal and stressed conditions. Meanwhile, endocytic inhibition only reduced GTTR uptake in the CoCl2 hypoxia model. In sum, the maturation of MET channels mediated uptake of GTTR into vestibular HCs. Under stressed conditions, MET channels play a pronounced role, manifested by channel-dependent stress enhanced GTTR permeation, while endocytosis participates in GTTR entry in a more selective manner.

Journal of Cellular Physiology published new progress about Cell nucleus. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Computed Properties of 2044-85-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rasulov, Suleiman M. published the artcileHigh-Temperature and High-Pressure PVT Measurements of the Binary n-Hexane + Methyl Octanoate Mixture near the Critical Point of the Pure Solvent (n-Hexane), Synthetic Route of 111-11-5, the main research area is PVT measurement phase transition hexane mixture methyl octanoate piezometry.

PρT and phase transition properties (PS,ρS,TS) of the dilute binary mixture of n-hexane + Me octanoate (at a concentration of 0.057 mol fraction of Me octanoate) have been studied using the constant-volume piezometer technique. The measurements were performed along 16 liquid, vapor, and near-critical isochores between 32.38 and 615.57 kg·m-3 over a temperature range from 291 to 633 K at pressures up to 16 MPa. Measurements were concentrated in the immediate vicinity of the critical point of pure n-hexane and liquid-gas phase transition points (bubble and dew point curve) in order to study the effect of critical fluctuations in pure n-hexane on the thermodn. properties of the dilute mixture and to closely observe the phase transition changes and precise measurements of the (PS,ρS,TS) and critical point (PC,ρC,TC) data. The measured critical property data for the mixture were used to study the isomorphic critical behavior of strongly (isothermal compressibility KTX and isobaric heat capacity CPX) and weakly (isochoric heat capacity CVX) singular properties along the critical isochore and the critical isotherm. The measured PρT data were also used to estimate the values of phys. meaning (theor. important) parameters, namely, characteristic reduced temperature and d. differences of the mixture Based on the measured critical property data, the value of the Krichevskii parameter Kkr has been estimated, which defines the structural (Nexc) and thermodn. properties of the dilute mixture near the critical point of the pure solvent (n-hexane).

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data published new progress about Bubble point. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Synthetic Route of 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rajoli, Rajith K. R. published the artcileDose prediction for repurposing nitazoxanide in SARS-CoV-2 treatment or chemoprophylaxis, Recommanded Product: 2-((5-Nitrothiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)phenyl acetate, the main research area is nitazoxanide dose prediction SARS CoV treatment chemoprophylaxis; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; lung; pharmacokinetics.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a global pandemic and urgent treatment and prevention strategies are needed. Nitazoxanide, an anthelmintic drug, has been shown to exhibit in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2. The present study used physiol. based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to inform optimal doses of nitazoxanide capable of maintaining plasma and lung tizoxanide exposures above the reported SARS-CoV-2 EC90. A whole-body PBPK model was validated against available pharmacokinetic data for healthy individuals receiving single and multiple doses between 500 and 4000 mg with and without food. The validated model was used to predict doses expected to maintain tizoxanide plasma and lung concentrations above the EC90 in >90% of the simulated population. PopDes was used to estimate an optimal sparse sampling strategy for future clin. trials. The PBPK model was successfully validated against the reported human pharmacokinetics. The model predicted optimal doses of 1200 mg QID, 1600 mg TID and 2900 mg BID in the fasted state and 700 mg QID, 900 mg TID and 1400 mg BID when given with food. For BID regimens an optimal sparse sampling strategy of 0.25, 1, 3 and 12 h post dose was estimated The PBPK model predicted tizoxanide concentrations within doses of nitazoxanide already given to humans previously. The reported dosing strategies provide a rational basis for design of clin. trials with nitazoxanide for the treatment or prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A concordant higher dose of nitazoxanide is now planned for investigation in the seamless phase I/IIa AGILE trial.

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology published new progress about Blood plasma. 55981-09-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2-((5-Nitrothiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)phenyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C12H9N3O5S, Recommanded Product: 2-((5-Nitrothiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl)phenyl acetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tsakanova, Gohar published the artcileTwo-photon imaging of oxidative stress in living erythrocytes as a measure for human aging, SDS of cas: 2044-85-1, the main research area is oxidative stress erythrocyte two photon laser light microscopy.

According to the “”oxidative stress theory”” of aging, this process is accompanied by a progressive and irreversible accumulation of oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This, in turn, has a deleterious impact on mol. mechanisms in aging thereby altering the physiol. function of the organism, increasing the risk of different aging-related diseases, as well as impacting the life span. The aim of the current study was to investigate oxidative stress in living red blood cells (RBCs) in human aging as an oxidative stress-related pathol. condition. Two-photon laser scanning and light microscopy techniques were applied to analyze the oxidative stress in RBCs and the cell viability. Spectrophotometric analyzes were performed to determine the percentage of RBC hemolysis, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in RBCs, as well as the ferroxidase activities of ceruloplasmin in blood plasma samples. The studies included three human aging groups, young, middle-aged, and elderly. According to the results, the two-photon fluorescence of carboxy-DCFDA, indicating the intensity of oxidative stress, significantly increase in RBCs by the increase of age (P < 0.05), and these intensities are in statistically significant pos. correlation with age (P < 0.001) and a strong neg. correlation (P < 0.05) with the activity of catalase in RBCs and ferroxidase activity of ceruloplasmin in plasma. In conclusion, two-photon fluorescent imaging of oxidative stress in human living RBCs is a valuable and accurate method for the determination of aging processes in humans and can be suggested as a novel indicator for human aging processes in individual aging. Biomedical Optics Express published new progress about Blood plasma. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2',7'-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-3',6'-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, SDS of cas: 2044-85-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Yinfeng published the artcileBiodiversity and Oenological Property Analysis of Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts Isolated from Korla Fragrant Pears (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu), Product Details of C9H18O2, the main research area is biodiversity oenol Saccharomyces yeast Korla Fragrant Pear.

Oenol. yeasts play a critical role in the winemaking process. In this study, the biodiversity of the non-Saccharomyces yeast was analyzed and monitored using high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approaches. Oenol. and fermentation characteristics of these native yeasts were further investigated. A total of 241 fungus species and 5 species of culturable non-Saccharomyces yeasts were detected using high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approaches, resp. Five strains of aroma-producing yeasts (K4, K14, K19, K21, and K26) were isolated, and their growth characteristics, carbon source utilization, hydrogen sulfide production performance, and β-glucosidase activity were different. The oenol. condition tolerances of most strains were lower than that of com. S. cerevisiae X16. The co-inoculum of these strains and S. cerevisiae X16 regulated the volatile aroma characteristics of the fermented Korla fragrant pear (KFP) fruit wine, enriching and complicating the aroma flavor. Thus, the combined inoculation of these indigenous wine yeasts and S. cerevisiae has some application potential in the production of KFP wine.

Fermentation published new progress about Biodiversity. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Product Details of C9H18O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fusco, Laura published the artcileSkin irritation potential of graphene-based materials using a non-animal test, Formula: C13H18O3, the main research area is graphene based material skin irritation potential health hazard.

Besides inhalation, skin contact may be considered one of the most relevant exposure routes to graphene-based materials (GBMs). However, very few data on the cutaneous toxicity of these materials are available, so far. This study is focused on skin irritation potential of a panel of GBMs: few-layer graphene (FLG), exfoliated by ball milling of graphite, FLG exfoliated by ultrasonication using sodium dodecyl sulfate (FLG-SDS) or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (FLG-SDBS), CVD-graphene, obtained by chem. vapor deposition, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO). Skin irritation was assessed using the SkinEthic Reconstructed human Epidermis (RhE), following the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test Guideline (TG) 439. Even though not validated for nanomaterials, the OCED TG 439 turned out to be applicable also for GBM testing, since no interference with the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction, used as a final readout, was found. Furthermore, direct epidermal exposure to powd. GBMs mimics the actual human exposure, avoiding interference by the cell culture medium (protein corona formation). Only GBMs prepared with irritant surfactants (FLG-SDS and FLG-SDBS), but not the others, reduced RhE viability at levels lower than those predicting skin irritation (�0%), suggesting irritant properties.

Nanoscale published new progress about Ball milling. 6259-76-3 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Hexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, and the molecular formula is C13H18O3, Formula: C13H18O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kolcsar, Vanessza Judit published the artcileSynthesis of a Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazoline-1,5-dione Derivative by Mechanochemical Double Cyclocondensation Cascade, Quality Control of 539-88-8, the main research area is methyl tetrahydropyrroloquinazoline dione preparation green chem; anthranilamide ethyl levulinate mechanochem double cyclocondensation cascade; Amberlyst® 15; Brønsted acid; anthranilamide; ball mill; cascade reaction; ethyl levulinate; mechanochemistry; quinazolinone.

N-heterocyclic compounds, such as quinazolinone derivatives, have significant biol. activities. Nowadays, as the demand for environmentally benign, sustainable processes increases, the application of compounds from renewable sources, easily separable heterogeneous catalysts and efficient, alternative activation methods is of great importance. In this study, a convenient, green procedure for the preparation of 3a-methyl-2,3,3a,4-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazoline-1,5-dione through a double cyclocondensation cascade using anthranilamide and Et levulinate was developed. Screening of various heterogeneous Bronsted acid catalysts showed that Amberlyst 15 is a convenient choice. By applying mechanochem. activation in the preparation of this N-heterotricyclic compound for the first time, it was possible to shorten the necessary time to three hours compared to the 24 h needed under conventional conditions to obtain a high yield of the target product.

Molecules published new progress about Ball milling. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Quality Control of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Marakis, Georgios published the artcileFatty acid profile of processed foods in Greece with focus on trans fatty acids, Product Details of C23H46O2, the main research area is trans fatty acid processed food.

Abstract: The adverse health effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) are well recognized. The Commission Regulation (EU) 2019/649 specifies that foods should not contain more than 2 g of industrially produced TFA (i-TFA) per 100 g of fat. This study aimed to investigate the fatty acid profile, with focus on TFA and i-TFA, of foods widely consumed in Greece that are purported to contain high TFA concentrations Sweet and savoury (i.e. non-sweet), prepacked and non-prepacked (i.e. loose) processed foods (N = 140) were sampled. After lipid extraction, the fatty acid profile of each sample was determined by gas chromatog. Estimation of ruminant TFA (r-TFA) was based on butyric acid values. i-TFA was assessed after subtraction of r-TFA from total TFA. Both total and i-TFA contents of cakes, biscuits, croissants and doughnuts on average were low (< 2% of total fat), even though the saturated fat content of some products from these food groups was high. Pies and pastries made with puff and shortcrust pastry had the highest i-TFA content. About 15.7% of all samples had an i-TFA content that exceeded the 2% limit set in foods by the new Commission Regulation (EU) 2019/649. Meat products and French fries had i-TFA levels that did not exceed 1% of total fat. In view of the lack of data on TFA content of foods in Greece, these results highlight the necessity to improve their nutritional quality and provide guidance for planning future targeted inspections regarding the TFA content of foods. Journal fuer Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit published new progress about Bakery cakes. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Product Details of C23H46O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics