Month: December 2022

Rocabruno-Valdes, C. I. published the artcileCorrosion rate prediction for metals in biodiesel using artificial neural networks, COA of Formula: C23H46O2, the main research area is biodiesel corrosion rate prediction artificial neural network.

The objective of this research was to develop a direct artificial neural network with the ability to predict a corrosion rate of metals in different biodiesel. Exptl. values were obtained by the electrochem. noise technique, EN, as well as, information reported in the literature. A backpropagation model was proposed with three layers; metal and biodiesel composition, blend biodiesel/diesel, total acid number (TAN), temperature and exposure time were considered as input variables in the model. The best fitting training data were acquired with 24:4:1, considering a Levenberg -Marquardt learning algorithm, a hyperbolic tangent and linear transfer functions in the hidden and output layer resp. Exptl. and simulated data were compared satisfactorily through the linear regression model with a correlation coefficient of 0.9885 and a mean square error, MSE, of 2.15 × 10-4 in the validation stage. Furthermore, the model agreed the requirements of the slope and the intercept statistical test with a 99% confidence. The obtained results indicated that the ANN model could be attractive as corrosion rate estimator.

Renewable Energy published new progress about Acid number. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, COA of Formula: C23H46O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wei, Daiyue published the artcileImproving the lipid oxidation in pork fat processing for Chi-aroma Baijiu through pretreatments and segmented soaking with liquor, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is lipid oxidation pork fat liquor segmented soaking.

This study aimed to explore an efficient method to prepare ageing pork fat used as catalyst in the production of Chi-aroma Baijiu. Results showed that boiling after warm water treatment was the best pretreatment method, which could eliminate off-odor greatly by decreasing aldehydes, fusels, esters, alkanes, alkenes and aromatics in raw pork fat, and would significantly (p < 0.05) improve TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) value and fatty acids dissolution during following 3-mo soaking. Compared to pure alc. solution, basic liquor mixed with fat oil as soaking solution could significantly (p < 0.05) increase acid value. Soaking pork fat in high-alc.-volume (500 mL ethanol/L) and then low-alc.-volume (300 mL ethanol/L) basic liquor subsequently, could accelerate the release of fatty acids into basic liquor. Segmented soaking by adding fat oil at the 6th month following 5 mo basic liquor soaking was the most efficient method, in which both TBARS value and acid value were increased, up to 2.89 ± 0.37 mg malondialdehyde (MDA)/kg and 4.97 ± 0.04 mg KOH/g, resp., and PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids)/SFA (saturated fatty acids) was lowest (0.44 ± 0.00). It provides potential strategies to accelerate the ageing process of pork fat for Chi-aroma Baijiu industry. LWT--Food Science and Technology published new progress about Acid number. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Islam, Muhammad Ghayas Ul published the artcileBiodiesel production from wild olive oil using TPA decorated Cr-Al acid heterogeneous catalyst, Name: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is tungstophosphonic acid chromium aluminum heterogeneous catalyst olive oil biodiesel.

In the present work, wild olive (Olea oleaster) plant oil was chosen as a hopeful feedstock for efficient biodiesel production Mixed oxides of aluminum and chromium were modified with different amounts (10-40 weight%) of 12-tungstophosphonic acid (TPA), used for biodiesel production from low cost local wild olive oil (WOO). Moreover, the physicochem. characteristics of the synthesized catalysts were elaborated with different anal. techniques such as XRD, SEM, EDX, BET. The biodiesel reaction was carried out in a single step via trans-esterification reaction using TPA impregnated Cr-Al mixed oxide catalyst. The maximum 93% biodiesel yield was obtained under the optimized conditions: oil/methanol molar ratio 1:21, reaction temperature 80°C, catalyst dosage 4 wt% and reaction times 5 h with stirring speed of 600 rpm. Interestingly, the reusability experiments showed that the synthesized catalyst sustained remarkable stability and reusability up to 5 runs in the biodiesel production from wild olive oil. Furthermore, the synthesized biodiesel completely complied with international standards

Chemical Engineering Research and Design published new progress about Acid number. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Name: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Islam, Muhammad Ghayas Ul published the artcileBiodiesel production from wild olive oil using TPA decorated Cr-Al acid heterogeneous catalyst, COA of Formula: C11H22O2, the main research area is tungstophosphonic acid chromium aluminum heterogeneous catalyst olive oil biodiesel.

In the present work, wild olive (Olea oleaster) plant oil was chosen as a hopeful feedstock for efficient biodiesel production Mixed oxides of aluminum and chromium were modified with different amounts (10-40 weight%) of 12-tungstophosphonic acid (TPA), used for biodiesel production from low cost local wild olive oil (WOO). Moreover, the physicochem. characteristics of the synthesized catalysts were elaborated with different anal. techniques such as XRD, SEM, EDX, BET. The biodiesel reaction was carried out in a single step via trans-esterification reaction using TPA impregnated Cr-Al mixed oxide catalyst. The maximum 93% biodiesel yield was obtained under the optimized conditions: oil/methanol molar ratio 1:21, reaction temperature 80°C, catalyst dosage 4 wt% and reaction times 5 h with stirring speed of 600 rpm. Interestingly, the reusability experiments showed that the synthesized catalyst sustained remarkable stability and reusability up to 5 runs in the biodiesel production from wild olive oil. Furthermore, the synthesized biodiesel completely complied with international standards

Chemical Engineering Research and Design published new progress about Acid number. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, COA of Formula: C11H22O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Laskar, Ikbal Bahar published the artcileTaming waste: Waste Mangifera indica peel as a sustainable catalyst for biodiesel production at room temperature, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1, the main research area is waste Mangifera catalyst biodiesel production.

In the present study, the efficacy of waste peels of mango (Mangifera indica) as a basic catalyst in room temperature transesterification reaction is investigated for biodiesel production from soybean oil. Biowaste based catalyst, Mangifera indica peel ash, was prepared by conventional open air burning of the mango peel. The morphol. and chem. components of the catalyst are investigated using several techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy (FT-IR), SEM (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric anal. (TGA), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), XPS, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Hammett indicator method. The highest biodiesel yield of 98% was attained under the optimized reaction conditions; methanol to oil ration of 6:1, catalyst loading of 6 wt%, and time of 4 h under room temperature Crucially, the catalyst retained its activity up to 4th cycle of reused. The excellent catalytic activity of the ash catalyst could be attributed to the presence of highly basic metal oxides such as K2O, MgO and CaO, its high surface area and porous nature.

Renewable Energy published new progress about Acid number. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Limmatvapirat, Chutima published the artcileBeef tallow: extraction, physicochemical property, fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, and formulation of lotion bars, Quality Control of 110-42-9, the main research area is beef tallow extraction lotion bar fatty acid antioxidant skincare.

The objective of this study was to transform beef adipose tissues into tallow for the production of lotion bars. This study managed to evaluate the influence of various rendering methods on the yields, physicochem. properties, fatty acid composition, and antioxidant activities of tallow. All obtained tallow samples were found to possess saponification values, acid values, peroxide values, refractive indexes, heavy metal contents, and microbial contamination within the acceptable limits. The results also revealed that the low-temperature (LT) rendering method was the most effective method for preparation of tallow and the soft fat (SF) had a higher unsaturated fatty acid content and stronger antioxidant activity than hard fat. Due to the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant activity of tallow prepared from SF extracted with the LT rendering method, it was used as an active ingredient in lotion bars. The optimized lotion bars were characterized by hardness, homogeneity, color, microbial loads, and heavy metal contents. The nongreasy lotion bar containing 40% weight/weight beef tallow was proved to be stable under heating-cooling cycle stability testing. Thus, qualified beef tallow together with shea butter and bee wax can be utilized to produce lotion bars.

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science published new progress about Acid number. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Quality Control of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pantawane, Amit Ravindra published the artcileMild and Efficient Tunable Bronsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyzed O-Acetylation and O-Trimethylsilylation with Trimethylsilyl Acetate (TMSOAc) and Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), Quality Control of 140-11-4, the main research area is Bronsted acidic ionic liquid acetylation trimethylsilylation trimethylsilyl acetate hexamethyldisilazane.

This report discloses a mild and efficient O-acetylation using easily accessible TMSOAc as a novel acetyl reagent and O-trimethylsilylation using HMDS for various alcs. catalyzed by tunable Bronsted acidic ionic liquids (TBAILs). Imidazolium-based TBAILs were prepared by a two-step atom-economic reaction and acidities measured by using UV-visible spectroscopy. Both protections for alcs. were accomplished at room temperature with good to excellent yields, while the products and TBAILs were separated by simple work-up for O-silylation and column chromatog. for O-acetylation. Notably, with the simple post-process, TBAILs catalyst in this solvent free method easily recovered and recycled several times without significant degradation

Catalysts published new progress about Acetylation. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Quality Control of 140-11-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Barnes, Christopher published the artcileOrigins of N-formylmethamphetamine and N-acetylmethamphetamine in methamphetamine produced by the hydriodic acid and red phosphorus reduction of pseudoephedrine, Synthetic Route of 140-11-4, the main research area is forensic pseudoephedrine hydriodic acid red phosphorus methamphetamine.

FMA and AMA are suspected to be trace byproducts in methamphetamine (MA) produced from pseudoephedrine using the Nagai reaction. FMA is an intermediate in the synthesis of MA using the Leuckart reaction. However, as there is the possibility that FMA is a byproduct of the Nagai reaction, the significance of FMA as an indicator of the Leuckart reaction has been debated. It is therefore important to establish whether AMA and especially FMA are byproducts of the Nagai reaction and thus establish their significance as synthetic route markers. From the work presented here, FMA is a byproduct of the Nagai reaction but the mechanism by which FMA arises could be not determined AMA was also shown to be a byproduct of the Nagai reaction, most likely due to reaction between MA and phenyl-2-propanone (P-2-P), itself a byproduct of the Nagai reaction. Furthermore, during GC anal. of Nagai reaction products, MA has been shown to react with P-2-P or Et acetate in the injector to form AMA. Caution is recommended if the relative abundance of AMA and/or FMA are used as a basis for determining whether MA samples have a common source or not. Furthermore, it is clear that FMA cannot be considered to be a route-specific byproduct for the Leuckart reaction – it is the abundance of FMA in a reaction mixture or profile, not simply its presence, that points to the involvement of the Leuckart reaction.

Forensic Chemistry published new progress about Acetylation. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Synthetic Route of 140-11-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Valentini, Francesca published the artcileA stoichiometric solvent-free protocol for acetylation reactions, Formula: C9H10O2, the main research area is acetylation reaction stoichiometric solvent free protocol; acetic anhydride; acetylation; alcohols; isopropenyl acetate; phenols; sustainability; thiols; thymol.

Considering the remarkable relevance of acetylated derivatives of phenols, alcs., and aryl and alkyl thiols in different areas of biol., as well as in synthetic organic chem., a sustainable solvent-free approach to perform acetylation reactions is proposed here. Acetylation reactions are classically performed using excess of acetic anhydride (Ac2O) in solvent-free conditions or by eventually working with stoichiometric amounts of Ac2O in organic solvents; both methods require the addition of basic or acid catalysts to promote the esterification. Therefore, they usually lead to the generation of high amounts of wastes, which sensibly raise the E-factor of the process. With the aim to develop a more sustainable system, a solvent-free, stoichiometric acetylation protocol is, thus, proposed. The naturally occurring phenol, thymol, can be converted to the corresponding-biol. active-ester with good yields, in the presence of 1% of VOSO4. Interestingly, the process can be efficiently adopted to synthesize other thymyl esters, as well as to perform acetylation of alcs. and aryl and alkyl thiols. Remarkably, a further improvement has been achieved replacing Ac2O with its greener alternative, isopropenyl acetate (IPA).

Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) published new progress about Acetylation. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Formula: C9H10O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zaccone, Ferdinando published the artcileAn Alternative Enzymatic Route to the Ergogenic Ketone Body Ester (R)-3-Hydroxybutyl (R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is esterhydroxybutylhydroxybutyrate ergogenic ketone body alternative enzymic route.

Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic and ergogenic potential of the ketone body ester, (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate. In the present work, the enzymic synthesis of this biol. active compound is reported. The (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate has been produced through the transesterification of racemic Et 3-hydroxybutyrate with (R)-1,3-butanediol by exploiting the selectivity of Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B). The needed (R)-1,3-butanediol was in turn obtained from the kinetic resolution of the racemate achieved by acetylation with vinyl acetate, also in this case, thanks to the enantioselectivity of the CAL-B used as catalyst. Finally, the stereochem. inversion of the unreacted (S) enantiomers of the Et 3-hydroxybutyate and 1,3- butanediol accomplished by known procedure allowed to increase the overall yield of the synthetic pathway by incorporating up to 70% of the starting racemic reagents into the final product.

Catalysts published new progress about Acetylation. 5405-41-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, and the molecular formula is C6H12O3, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics