Month: December 2022

Parker, Belinda S. published the artcileFormation of mitoxantrone adducts in human tumor cells: potentiation by AN-9 and DNA methylation, Application of (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, the publication is Oncology Research (2004), 14(6), 279-290, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The ability of mitoxantrone to form DNA adducts was investigated in a series of human tumor cell lines consisting of human cervical cancer (HeLa), human breast cancer (MCF-7), and human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cells. The mitoxantrone-resistant human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60/MX2 was also compared to the parental cell line HL60 in terms of adduct formation in cellular DNA, RNA, and protein. DNA adduct formation detected using [¹⁴C]mitoxantrone as a single agent occurred at very low levels but addition of the formaldehyde-releasing prodrug AN-9 (pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate) increased adduct formation considerably in all cell lines tested. Adduct formation increased when increasing ratios of AN-9 were used, and were observed at maximal levels when AN-9 addition was 4 h after the addition of mitoxantrone. However, low levels of adducts were observed when AN-9 addition was 16 h prior to mitoxantrone. The ability of [¹⁴C]mitoxantrone to form adducts with DNA, RNA, and protein was assessed in HL60 cells, and DNA was found to be the major substrate for adduct formation. RNA was also shown to be a good substrate while protein adduct levels were consistently very low. In mitoxantrone-resistant HL60/MX2 cells, DNA adduct levels were approx. fourfold lower. To establish the influence of DNA methylation on the ability of mitoxantrone to form adducts in cells, decitabine was used to reduce DNA methylation levels in cells prior to mitoxantrone treatment. This was clearly shown to influence adduct formation, with increasing decitabine levels leading to a decrease in the level of adducts observed in both IMR-32 and MCF-7 cell lines. Collectively, these results suggest that two major factors that influence the extent of mitoxantrone adduct formation in cells are the availability of formaldehyde and the extent of genomic DNA methylation.

Oncology Research published new progress about 122110-53-6. 122110-53-6 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Inhibitor, name is (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, and the molecular formula is C10H18O4, Application of (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Entin-Meer, Michal published the artcileButyric acid prodrugs are histone deacetylase inhibitors that show antineoplastic activity and radiosensitizing capacity in the treatment of malignant gliomas, Name: (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, the publication is Molecular Cancer Therapeutics (2005), 4(12), 1952-1961, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Histone modification has emerged as a promising approach to cancer therapy. We explored the efficacy of a novel class of histone deacetylase inhibitors in the treatment of malignant gliomas. Treatment of glioma cell lines with two butyric acid derivatives, pivaloylomethyl butyrate (AN-9) and butyroyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-1), induced hyperacetylation, increased p21^Cip1 expression, inhibited proliferation, and enhanced apoptosis. Histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced apoptosis was mediated primarily by caspase-8. Treatment of cells with AN-1 or AN-9 for 24 h before exposure to γ-irradiation potentiated further caspase-8 activity and resultant apoptosis. Clonogenic survival curves revealed marked reductions in cell renewal capacity of U251 MG cells exposed to combinations of AN-1 and radiation. Preliminary in vivo experiments using human glioma cell lines grown as xenografts in mouse flanks suggest in vivo efficacy of AN-9. The data suggest that novel butyric acid prodrugs provide a promising treatment strategy for malignant gliomas as single agents and in combination with radiation therapy.

Molecular Cancer Therapeutics published new progress about 122110-53-6. 122110-53-6 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Inhibitor, name is (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, and the molecular formula is C10H18O4, Name: (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cutts, Suzanne M. published the artcileMolecular basis for the synergistic interaction of adriamycin with the formaldehyde-releasing prodrug pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-9), Recommanded Product: (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, the publication is Cancer Research (2001), 61(22), 8194-8202, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The interaction of Adriamycin and pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-9) was investigated in IMR-32 neuroblastoma and MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells. Adriamycin is a widely used anticancer drug, whereas AN-9 is an anticancer agent presently undergoing Phase II clin. trials. The anticancer activity of AN-9 has been attributed to its ability to act as a butyric acid prodrug, although it also releases formaldehyde and pivalic acid. Adriamycin and AN-9 in combination display synergy when exposed simultaneously to cells or when AN-9 treatment is up to 18 h after Adriamycin administration. However, the reverse order of addition results in antagonism. These interactions have been established using cell viability assays and classical isobologram anal. To understand the mol. basis of this synergy, the relative levels of Adriamycin-DNA adducts were determined using various treatment combinations. Levels of Adriamycin-DNA adducts were enhanced when treatment combinations known to be synergistic were used and were diminished using those treatments known to be antagonistic. The relative timing of the addition of Adriamycin and AN-9 was critical, with a 20-fold enhancement of Adriamycin-DNA adducts occurring when AN-9 was administered 2 h after the exposure of cells to Adriamycin. The enhanced levels of these adducts and the accompanying decreased cell viability were directly related to the esterase-dependent release of formaldehyde from AN-9, providing evidence for the formaldehyde-mediated activation of Adriamycin.

Cancer Research published new progress about 122110-53-6. 122110-53-6 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Inhibitor, name is (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, and the molecular formula is C10H18O4, Recommanded Product: (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aviram, Adina published the artcileEffect of the cytostatic butyric acid pro-drug, pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate, on the tumorigenicity of cancer cells, Recommanded Product: (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, the publication is Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology (1997), 123(5), 267-271, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-9) was demonstrated to be a cytostatic but not cytotoxic agent in a myelomonocytic cell line (WEHI). The expression of the early regulatory genes, c-myc and c-jun were changed. Although these events occurred already after 1 h of exposure to AN-9, the tumorigenicity of these reduced only after 4 h of exposure. Tumorigenicity of the highly metastatic subclone of Lewis lung carcinoma was almost diminished after 1h of exposure. In both cell types a 10-fold higher concentration of BA did not affect the tumorigenicity of the cells as did AN-9.

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology published new progress about 122110-53-6. 122110-53-6 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Inhibitor, name is (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, and the molecular formula is C10H18O4, Recommanded Product: (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kasukabe, T. published the artcileAn anticancer derivative of butyric acid (pivalyloxymethyl butyrate) and daunorubicin cooperatively prolong survival of mice inoculated with monocytic leukemia cells, Synthetic Route of 122110-53-6, the publication is British Journal of Cancer (1997), 75(6), 850-854, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Pivalyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-9) inhibited the proliferation of and induced apoptosis in mouse monocytic leukemia Mm-A cells; Na butyrate, but not AN-9, induced differentiation of the cells. AN-9 and various DNA-specific antineoplastic agents synergistically inhibited the growth of Mm-A cells, and simultaneous treatment was required to evoke the maximum growth-inhibitory effect. On the other hand, there was no synergy between butyrate and these drugs, or between AN-9 and several antimetabolic agents, in inhibiting the growth of the cells, suggesting that the synergistic effect is specific to AN-9 and DNA-reacting agents. AN-9, given alone, dose-dependently prolonged the survival of mice inoculated with Mm-A cells. Moreover, administration of AN-9 plus daunorubicin (DNR) further prolonged survival.

British Journal of Cancer published new progress about 122110-53-6. 122110-53-6 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Inhibitor, name is (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, and the molecular formula is C10H18O4, Synthetic Route of 122110-53-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ronson, Thomas O. published the artcileRuthenium-Catalyzed Reductive Arylation of N-(2-Pyridinyl)amides with Isopropanol and Arylboronate Esters, Synthetic Route of 1877-71-0, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2019), 58(2), 482-487, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A new three-component reductive arylation of amides with stable reactants (iPrOH and arylboronate esters), making use of a 2-pyridinyl (Py) directing group, is described. The N-Py-amide substrates are readily prepared from carboxylic acids and PyNH₂, and the resulting N-Py-1-arylalkanamine reaction products are easily transformed into the corresponding chlorides by substitution of the HN-Py group with HCl. The 1-aryl-1-chloroalkane products allow substitution and cross-coupling reactions. Therefore, a general protocol for the transformation of carboxylic acids into a variety of functionalities is obtained. The Py-NH₂ byproduct can be recycled.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 1877-71-0. 1877-71-0 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ester, name is 3-(Methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C9H8O4, Synthetic Route of 1877-71-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Guo, Qihang published the artcileControllable Intramolecular Unactivated C(sp3)-H Amination and Oxygenation of Carbamates, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the publication is Organic Letters (2019), 21(4), 880-884, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Dual catalyst-controlled intramol. unactivated C(sp³)-H amination and oxygenation of carbamates merging visible-light photocatalysis and earth-abundant transition metal catalysis have been reported. Useful amino alc. and diol derivatives could be selectively obtained from readily available tertiary alc. derivatives The possible mechanisms have been proposed via a 1,5-HAT process followed by Lewis acid-controlled cyclization. The nickel and zinc catalysts inhibit the formation of oxygenation and amination products, resp. An interesting phenomenon of chirality transfer is also observed

Organic Letters published new progress about 5340-78-3. 5340-78-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is Ethyltert-butylacetate, and the molecular formula is C8H16O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hu, Lijun published the artcileDesign, synthesis, and biological studies of novel 3-benzamidobenzoic acid derivatives as farnesoid X receptor partial agonist, HPLC of Formula: 1877-71-0, the publication is European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2021), 113106, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a bile acid-activated nuclear receptor, regulates the metabolism of bile acid and lipids as well as maintains the stability of internal environment. FXR was considered as a therapeutic target of liver disorders, such as drug-induced liver injury, fatty liver and cholestasis. The previous reported FXR partial agonist I was a suitable lead compound in terms of its high potent and low mol. size, while the docking study of compound I suggested a large unoccupied hydrophobic pocket, which might be provided more possibility of structure-activity relationship (SAR) study. In this study, we have performed comprehensive SAR and mol. modeling studies based on lead compound I. All of these efforts resulted in the identification of a novel series of FXR partial agonists. In this series, compound II revealed the best activity and strong interaction with binding pocket of FXR. Moreover, compound II protected mice against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by the regulation of FXR-related gene expression and improving antioxidant capacity. In summary, these results suggest that compound II is a promising FXR partial agonist suitable for further investigation.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 1877-71-0. 1877-71-0 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ester, name is 3-(Methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C9H8O4, HPLC of Formula: 1877-71-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhou, Bin published the artcileA study on aromatic constituents of Pu-er tea by two different collection methods, Safety of Isobutyl palmitate, the publication is Xiangliao Xiangjing Huazhuangpin (2010), 17-23, database is CAplus.

Aromatic constituents of Pu-er tea was collected by two different methods: XAD-4 hydrophobic resin head space absorption and simultaneous distillation extraction, then the extracts were analyzed by GC-MS. There are difference between two extracts The two methods can be used in different fields.

Xiangliao Xiangjing Huazhuangpin published new progress about 110-34-9. 110-34-9 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Isobutyl palmitate, and the molecular formula is C13H19Br2ClN2O, Safety of Isobutyl palmitate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nesterova, I. P. published the artcileDetermining the rate of release of the synthetic sexual insect attractants from preparative form using vapor-phase gas-liquid chromatography, Recommanded Product: (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, the publication is Agrokhimiya (1994), 98-100, database is CAplus.

The rate of release of dodecyl alc., cis-9-dodecenyl acetate, trans,trans-8,10-dodecadienol, and cis,trans-dodecadienyl acetate from a rubber tube was 233.63, 212.75, 21.29, and 22.90 μg/day, resp. Thus, the functional group and the number of double bonds of the attractant determined the rate of release from rubber. The rate of cis-9-dodecenyl acetate and trans,trans-8,10-dodecadienol release from Al foil was 336.51 and 1521.51 μg/day, resp., from a dense, small-pore filter 556.26 and 2149 μg/day, resp., and from polysulfone membrane PSU-40-s 10.20 and 784.55 μg/day, resp. This emphasizes the effects of the carrier.

Agrokhimiya published new progress about 16974-11-1. 16974-11-1 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, and the molecular formula is C14H26O2, Recommanded Product: (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics