Zhao, Pingping published the artcileSynergistic Effect of Different Species in Stannic Chloride Solution on the Production of Levulinic Acid from Biomass, Application of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is synergistic species stannic chloride solution levulinate biomass.
Metal chloride has shown high potential in biomass conversion to valuable chems., but the nature of active species and the corresponding performances on each successive reaction step need further elucidation. In this work, SnCl4 was found to exhibit satisfactory catalytic activity, achieving 64.6 mol % yield of levulinic acid from corncob residue. The levulinic acid obtained could be further converted to more valuable Et levulinate with 85% yield without any extra catalyst addition In water medium, the hydrolysis of SnCl4 resulted in the formation of stannic oxide, H+ and Cl-, which showed a synergistic effect and all contributed to levulinic acid production It was demystified that Cl- promoted cellulose hydrolysis, and the formed H+ as Bronsted acid mainly contributed to cellulose hydrolysis and fructose dehydration, as well as HMF decomposition to levulinic acid. Sn(IV) species facilitated both glucose-to-fructose isomerization and fructose consumption yielding undesirable polymers, but exhibited a neg. influence on cellulose hydrolysis. The proposed kinetic model showed a good fit with the exptl. result, and further confirmed the proposed catalytic mechanism. The insights reported here might give some useful information for the development of effective catalysts to produce valuable chems. directly from raw lignocelluloses.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics