Month: November 2022

Rondestvedt, Christian S. Jr. published the artcile< New syntheses of aromatic acid chlorides from trichloromethylarenes. 4. Ring chlorination of m-xylene, isophthaloyl chloride, and hexachloro-m-xylene>, Name: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is ring chlorination xylene; isophthaloyl chloride chlorination.

The preparation of isophthaloyl chloride (I) from m-xylene via C6H4(CCl3)2-m (II) was examined with respect to the extent and type of ring chlorination. Thus, Lewis acid catalyzed monochlorination of m-xylene at 0-10° gives a mixture of 25% 2-chloro- and 75% 4-chloro-m-xylene. Further chlorination gives 44% 2,4- and 56% 4,6-dichloro-m-xylene. The 4,6-dichloro isomer is preferentially trichlorinated. Photochlorination of the Me groups in the monochloro-m-xylenes is difficult and complete side-chain chlorination of 4,6-dichloro-m-xylene is accompanied by extensive chlorinolysis. I is monochlorinated exclusively at the 5-position. The chief product of dichlorination is the 2,5-isomer. II is chlorinated mainly at the 4- and 5-positions (1:2 ratio). II chloro derivatives were converted into I chloro derivatives by heating with SO2 at 250°.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Chlorination. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Name: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kumar, Harikesh; Dubey, Atul; Prajapati, Gurudayal; Kant, Ruchir; Ampapathi, Ravi S.; Mandal, Pintu Kumar published the artcile< Regioselective direct sulfenylation of glycals using arylsulfonyl chlorides in the presence of triphenylphosphine: access to C2-thioaryl glycosides>, Safety of (2R,3R,4R)-2-(Acetoxymethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-3,4-diyl diacetate, the main research area is regioselective sulfenylation glycal arylsulfonyl chloride phenylphosphine aryl thioglycoside; crystal structure transition state glycal monosaccharide preparation thioaryl glycoside.

Direct triphenylphosphine-mediated regioselective sulfenylation of glycals by using various cheap and easily available aryl sulfonyl chlorides as a sulfur source to generate different C2-S-aryl-glycosides was developed. Notably, the features of this protocol offer a milder and easier operational procedure, and broad substrate scope with complete regioselectivity at C-2. Experiments and DFT calculations supported the proposed mechanism and regioselectivity for the formation of C2-S-aryl-glycosides.

New Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Crystal structure. 4098-06-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C12H16O7, Safety of (2R,3R,4R)-2-(Acetoxymethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-3,4-diyl diacetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Quek, Jing Yang; Roth, Peter J.; Evans, Richard A.; Davis, Thomas P.; Lowe, Andrew B. published the artcile< Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer synthesis of amidine-based, CO2-responsive homo and AB diblock (Co)polymers comprised of histamine and their gas-triggered self-assembly in water>, Related Products of 71195-85-2, the main research area is fluoropolymer radical polymerization RAFT hydrodynamic radius self assembly micelle.

Well-defined homopolymers of pentafluorophenyl acrylate (PFPA) and AB diblock copolymers of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) Me ether acrylate (PEGA) with PFPA were prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization Three PFPA homopolymers of different mol. weights were reacted with the com. available amidine and guanidine species histamine (HIS) dihydrochloride and L-arginine Me ester (ARG) dihydrochloride in the presence of S-Me methanethiosulfonate to yield, quant., the corresponding amidine and guanidine-based acrylamido homopolymers. Both the HIS and ARG homopolymers are known to reversibly bind CO2 with, in the case of the former, CO2 fixation being accompanied with a switch from a hydrophobic to hydrophilic state. The RAFT synthesis of PFPA-DMA and PEGA-PFPA diblock copolymers yielded well-defined materials with a range of molar compositions These precursor materials were converted to the corresponding HIS and ARG block copolymers whose structure was confirmed using 1H NMR spectroscopy. Employing a combination of dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that the DMA-HIS and PEGA-HIS diblock copolymers are able to undergo reversible and cyclable self-directed assembly in aqueous media using CO2 and N2 as the triggers between fully hydrophilic and amphiphilic (assembled) states. For example, in the case of the 54:46 DMA-HIS diblock, aggregates with hydrodynamic diameters of about 40.0 nm are readily formed from the molecularly dissolved state. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012.

Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry published new progress about Fluoropolymers Role: PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PROC (Process), PREP (Preparation). 71195-85-2 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C9H3F5O2, Related Products of 71195-85-2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cucchiara, Federico; Ferraro, Sara; Luci, Giacomo; Bocci, Guido published the artcile< Relevant pharmacological interactions between alkylating agents and antiepileptic drugs: Preclinical and clinical data>, Electric Literature of 112-63-0, the main research area is review alkylating agent antiepileptic drug pharmacol interaction; Antiepileptic drugs; Busulfan; CYP enzymes; Cancer therapy; Cyclophosphamide; Drug-drug Interactions; Ifosfamide; Nitrosoureas; Temozolomide; Thiotepa.

A review. Seizures are relatively common in cancer patients, and co-administration of chemotherapeutic and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is highly probable and necessary in many cases. Nonetheless, clin. relevant interactions between chemotherapeutic drugs and AEDs are rarely summarized and pharmacol. described. These interactions can cause insufficient tumor and seizure control or lead to unforeseen toxicity. This review focused on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between alkylating agents and AEDs, helping readers to make a rational choice of treatment optimization, and thus improving patients’ quality of life. As an example, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and carbamazepine, by increasing the hepatic metabolism of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and busulfan, yield smaller peak concentrations and a reduced area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of the prodrugs; alongside, the maximum concentration and AUC of their active products were increased with the possible onset of severe adverse drug reactions. On the other side, valproic acid, acting as histone deacetylase inhibitor, showed synergistic effects with temozolomide when tested in glioblastoma. The present review is aimed at providing evidence that may offer useful suggestions for rational pharmacol. strategies in patients with seizures symptoms undertaking alkylating agents. Firstly, clinicians should avoid the use of enzyme-inducing AEDs in combination with alkylating agents and prefer the use of AEDs, such as levetiracetam, that have a low or no impact on hepatic metabolism Secondly, a careful therapeutic drug monitoring of both alkylating agents and AEDs (and their active metabolites) is necessary to maintain therapeutic ranges and to avoid serious adverse reactions.

Pharmacological Research published new progress about Alkylating agents. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Electric Literature of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lai, Ming-Tain; Feng, Meizhen; Xu, Min; Ngo, Winnie; Diamond, Tracy L.; Hwang, Carey; Grobler, Jay A.; Hazuda, Daria J.; Asante-Appiah, Ernest published the artcile< Doravirine and islatravir have complementary resistance profiles and create a combination with a high barrier to resistance>, COA of Formula: C19H34O2, the main research area is doravirine islatravir combination complementary resistance profile; HIV-1; NNRTI; NRTTI; RT; doravirine; human immunodeficiency virus; islatravir; reverse transcriptase.

Doravirine (DOR), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), was approved for treatment of HIV-1 infection in 2018. In the pivotal phase 3 trials, DRIVE-FORWARD and DRIVE-AHEAD, 7 out of 747 (0.9%) treatment-naive participants treated with DOR plus two nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) met protocol-defined virol. failure criteria and showed phenotypic resistance to DOR at week 48. The most common DOR resistance-associated mutation (RAM) detected in 5 of the 7 resistant isolates was F227C. Six isolates bearing NRTI RAMs (M184V and/or K65R) were resistant to lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC) but not to other approved NRTIs. All DOR-resistant isolates were susceptible or hypersusceptible (fold change of <0.25) to islatravir (ISL), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor (NRTTI). Isolate hypersusceptibility to ISL required F227C, in contrast to zidovudine, an NRTI, which required M184V. Based on the frequent emergence of F227C, we hypothesized that DOR and ISL would create a combination (DOR/ISL) with a high barrier to resistance. In de novo resistance selection studies in MT4-GFP cells (MT4 cells engineered to express green fluorescent protein), DOR/ISL synergistically prevented viral breakthrough at a threshold of 2x the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). DOR/ISL exhibited a higher barrier to resistance than DOR/3TC and dolutegravir (DTG)/3TC. Resistance anal. showed no emergence of substitutions at F227, an observation consistent with its ability to confer hypersusceptibility to ISL. Overall, the data demonstrate that DOR/ISL creates a 2-drug combination with a higher barrier to resistance, consistent with the reported clin. activity. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy published new progress about Antiviral agents. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, COA of Formula: C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pan, Zhaoqun; Huang, Bingsheng; Zhu, Liqiang; Zeng, Kelin published the artcile< Synthesis of siloxane oligomers containing boron and epoxy groups for promoting the adhesion of addition-curable silicone rubber to PPA and copper plate>, Name: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is siloxane oligomer adhesion silicone rubber polyphthalamide copper plate.

The addition-curable silicone rubber (ASR) is a packaging material widely applied in the LED encapsulation. However, due to low surface energy, the silicone rubber has the poor adhesion to different substrates, such as copper and PPA. In this study, three silicone adhesion promoters, EBSiO, ESiO and BSiO were synthesized via non-hydrolytic dealcoholization reaction. The mol. structure of adhesion promoters was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatog. The influences of three adhesion promoters on the adhesion performance of ASR were explored by shear strength tests. In addition, the transmittance of cured ASR with different additions of adhesion promoters was measured. The measurement results showed that the adhesion of cured ASR to metal copper and poly-phthalamide (PPA) was enormously enhanced by EBSiO in silicone rubber. After 1.0 phr EBSiO was added into silicone rubber, the adhesion strength between the obtained ASR and two materials (copper plate and PPA) resp. reached 3.163 MPa and 1.691 MPa, whereas the adhesion strength between the pristine ASR and two materials were resp. only 0.643 MPa and 0.474 MPa. The adhesion mechanism of cured ASR to PPA and copper was investigated. SEM images of the damaged interface between silicone rubber and substrates further proved that boron atoms and epoxy groups played an important role in enhancing the bonding performance of ASR to copper and PPA.

Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology published new progress about Adhesion, physical. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Name: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kyei-Baffour, Kwaku; Mohammad, Haroon; Seleem, Mohamed N.; Dai, Mingji published the artcile< Second-generation aryl isonitrile compounds targeting multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is multidrug resistant MRSA Staphylococcus antibiotic aryl isonitrile.

Antibiotic resistance remains a major global public health threat that requires sustained discovery of novel antibacterial agents with unexploited scaffolds. Structure-activity relationship of the first-generation aryl isonitrile compounds we synthesized led to an initial lead mol. that informed the synthesis of a second-generation of aryl isonitriles. From this new series of 20 compounds, three analogs inhibited growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (from 1 to 4 μM) and were safe to human keratinocytes. Compound 19, with an addnl. isonitrile group exhibited improved activity against MRSA compared to the first-generation lead compound This compound emerged as a candidate worthy of further investigation and further reinforced the importance of the isonitrile functionality in the compounds’ anti-MRSA activity. In a murine skin wound model, 19 significantly reduced the burden of MRSA, similar to the antibiotic fusidic acid. In summary, 19 was identified as a new lead aryl isonitrile compound effective against MRSA.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antibacterial agents. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chime, Salome A.; Onunkwo, Godswill C.; Attama, Anthony A. published the artcile< Evaluation of the Properties of Encapsulated Stavudine Microparticulate Lipid-based Drug Delivery System in Immunocompromised Wistar Rats>, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is encapsulated stavudine microparticulate; CD4 cells; RBC; histopathology; lymphocytes; neutrophils; solid lipid microparticles; stavudine; white blood cells.

Methods: The SLMs were formulated by the homogenization method. The optimized batches were used for further in vivo studies. The effect of formulation on the CD4 count and the haematol. properties of immunocompromised Wistar rats were studied. Results: The particle size range was 4 -8μm, EE range was 85-93% and maximum drug release was observed at 10 h. The CD4 cells increased from 115 ± 3.17 cell/mm3 at day zero to 495 ± 5.64 cell/mm3 at day 14 of treatment and 538 ± 6.31 cell/mm3 at day 21. The red blood cells increased from 2.64 ± 1.58 (x 106/mm3) at day zero to 6.96 ± 3.47 (x 106/mm3) at day 14 and 7.85 ± 3.64 (x 106/mm3) at day 21. PCV increased significantly (p < 0.05) to about 42-50% at day 21 in the groups that received the SLMs formulations. White blood cells (WBC) also were 12 x 103/mm3, for SLM formulations, while the rats that received plain stavudine exhibited WBC of 9.6 x 103/mm3 at day 21. The histopathol. studies revealed that oral stavudine-loaded SLMs had no significant damage to the kidney, liver, spleen and the brain of Wistar rats. Conclusion: The formulations exhibited significantly higher immunomodulatory properties than plain stavudine (p<0.05) and showed good properties for once daily oral administration and could be a better alternative to plain stavudine tablets for the management of patients living with HIV. Current HIV Research published new progress about Brain. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Rubing; Zhang, Xiaojie; Chen, Chengsheng; Chen, Guanglin; Zhong, Qiu; Zhang, Qiang; Zheng, Shilong; Wang, Guangdi; Chen, Qiao-Hong published the artcile< Synthesis and evaluation of 1,7-diheteroarylhepta-1,4,6-trien-3-ones as curcumin-based anticancer agents>, Quality Control of 112-63-0, the main research area is heteroaromatic curcumin analog preparation antitumor activity; heptatrienone diheteroaryl preparation antitumor activity; 1,7-Diaryl-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one; Anti-proliferative activity; Curcumin analogue; Cytotoxicity.

Thirty (1E,4E,6E)-1,7-diaryl-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-ones, featuring a central linear trienone linker and two identical nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic rings, were designed and synthesized as curcumin-based anticancer agents on the basis of their structural similarity to the enol-tautomer of curcumin, in addition to taking advantage of the possibly enhanced pharmacokinetic profiles contributed by the basic nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic rings. Their cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activity were evaluated towards both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines, as well as HeLa human cervical cancer cells. Among them, the ten most potent analogs are 5- to 36-fold more potent than curcumin in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. The acquired structure-activity relationship data indicate (i) that (1E,4E,6E)-1,7-diaryl-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-ones represent a potential scaffold for development of curcumin-based agents with substantially improved cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effect; and (ii) 1-alkyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl and 1-alkyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl serve as optimal heteroaromatic rings for increased in vitro potency of this scaffold. Two of most potent compounds displayed no apparent cytotoxicity toward MCF-10A normal mammary epithelial cells at 1 μM concentration Treatment of PC-3 prostate cancer cells with the most potent compound led to appreciable cell cycle arrest at a G1/G0 phase and cell apoptosis induction.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Aldol condensation. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Quality Control of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preston, George W.; Yang, Liping; Phillips, David H.; Maier, Claudia S. published the artcile< Visualisation tools for dependent peptide searches to support the exploration of in vitro protein modifications>, Safety of (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is proteome cofilin1 serotransferrin albumin transthyretin mass spectrometry.

However, few studies have explored dependent peptide search results in an untargeted way. In the present study, we sought to evaluate dependent peptide searching as a means of characterizing proteins that have been modified in vitro. We generated a model data set by analyzing N-ethylmaleimide-treated bovine serum albumin, and performed dependent peptide searches using the popular MaxQuant software. To facilitate interpretation of the search results (hundreds of dependent peptides), we developed a series of visualisation tools (R scripts). We used the tools to assess the diversity of putative modifications in the albumin, and to pinpoint hypothesised modifications. We went on to explore the tools’ generality via analyses of public data from studies of rat and human proteomes. Of 19 expected sites of modification (one in rat cofilin-1 and 18 across six different human plasma proteins), eight were found and correctly localised. Apparently, some sites went undetected because chem. enrichment had depleted necessary analytes (potential ‘base’ peptides). Our results demonstrate (i) the ability of the tools to provide accurate and informative visualisations, and (ii) the usefulness of dependent peptide searching for characterizing in vitro protein modifications. Our model data are available via PRIDE/ProteomeXchange (accession number PXD013040).

PLoS One published new progress about Albumins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Safety of (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics