Rigid biobased polycarbonates with good processability based on a spirocyclic diol derived from citric acid was written by Bonjour, Olivier;Liblikas, Ilme;Pehk, Tonis;Khai-Nghi, Truong;Rissanen, Kari;Vares, Lauri;Jannasch, Patric. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2020.Synthetic Route of C13H10O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Introducing biobased polymers from renewable sources for use as high-performance thermoplastics with high demands on mech. rigidity, transparency, thermal stability, as well as good processability, is a significant challenge. In the present work we have designed and prepared a rigid biobased bis-spirocylic diol by di-cycloketalization of a bicyclic diketone (cis-bicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3,7-dione, obtained from citric acid) using trimethylolpropane. This spiro-diol monomer has two reactive primary hydroxyl groups and the synthesis from inexpensive biobased starting materials is straightforward and readily upscalable, involving no chromatog. purification In order to explore the usefulness of the new monomer, it was employed in melt polycondensations with diphenylcarbonate at up to 280°C to form rigid fully amorphous polycarbonates (PCs). Mol. weights (MWs) up to Mn = 28 kg mol-1 were achieved, and thermal and dynamic mech. measurements showed glass transitions up to Tg = 100°C, with no thermal decomposition until Td ∼350°C. Solvent cast films had excellent mech. flexibility and strength, as well as a high transparency with only slight coloration. Results by dynamic melt rheol. implied that the high-MW PCs had a good processability at 170°C, with a stable shear modulus over time, but started to degrade via chain scission reactions when the temperature approached 200°C. In conclusion, the present work demonstrates the straightforward preparation of the citric acid-based spiro-diol, and indicates that it is an efficient building block for the preparation of rigid biobased PCs and other condensation polymers. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Synthetic Route of C13H10O3).
Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Synthetic Route of C13H10O3
Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics