Month: October 2022

Zhang, Xin; Li, Tao; Yang, Mengdi; Du, Qianming; Wang, Rui; Fu, Bin; Tan, Yingying; Cao, Mengran; Chen, Yaxin; Wang, Qing; Hu, Rong published the artcile< Acquired temozolomide resistance in MGMTlow gliomas is associated with regulation of homologous recombination repair by ROCK2>, Quality Control of 112-63-0, the main research area is temozolomide resistance ROCK MGMT glioma homologous recombination repair.

It was reported that MGMTlow gliomas may still be resistant to TMZ, while the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2), a cytoskeleton regulator, was highly expressed in MGMTlow recurrent gliomas, and its expression strongly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) time in a subset of MGMTlow recurrent gliomas patients with TMZ therapy. And we also found that overactive ROCK2 enhanced homologous recombination repair (HR) in TMZ-resistant (TMZ-R) glioma cell lines with low MGMT expression. Silencing ROCK2 impaired HR repair, and induced double-strand break (DSB) and eradicated TMZ-R glioma cells in culture. Notably, in MGMTlow TMZ-R models, as a key factor of HR, ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) expression was upregulated directly by hyper-activation of ROCK2 to improve HR efficiency. ROCK2 enhanced the binding of transcription factor zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) to ATM promoter for increasing ATM expression. Moreover, ROCK2 transformed ZEB1 into a gene activator via Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). These results provide evidence for the use of ROCK inhibitors in the clin. therapy for MGMTlow TMZ-resistant glioma. Our study also offered novel insights for improving therapeutic management of MGMTlow gliomas.

Cell Death & Disease published new progress about Ataxia telangiectasia. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Quality Control of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wroblewski, A. E.; Applequist, J.; Takaya, A.; Honzatko, R.; Kim, S. S.; Jacobson, R. A.; Reitsma, B. H.; Yeung, E. S.; Verkade, J. G. published the artcile< Experimental and theoretical study of the structures and optical rotations of chiral bicyclic ortho esters>, Safety of (S)-Dimethyl 2-hydroxysuccinate, the main research area is chiral bicyclic ortho ester preparation; optical rotation chiral trioxabicyclooctane preparation; crystal structure chiral trioxabicyclooctane; mol structure chiral trioxabicyclooctane; induced dipole moment chiral trioxabicyclooctane; asym synthesis bicyclic ortho ester; classical dipole interaction theory trioxabicyclooctane.

Three rigid (-)-1-R-2,7,8-trioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes I [R = H (II), Me (III), Ph (IV)] were prepared in high enantiomeric purity from (S)-1,2,4-butanetriol and RC(OMe)3 (same R). The structure of (-)-IV was determined by x-ray crystallog. From the crystallog. data, 4 refined structural models of IV were generated, which differed only in their degree of geometric optimization. Whereas one model is unrestrained, the other models are increasingly restrained to ideal geometry in order to correct the systematically short bonds associated with an unrestrained refinement. Molar rotations were calculated from classical dipole interaction theory with the structural parameters from the 4 models of IV and atom polarizabilities derived earlier. The calculated molar rotations from IV were correct in sign and insensitive to rotations of the Ph group about the C-C bond. The differences between the calculated values and the exptl. rotation decreased to within a factor of 4 concomitantly with the increased level of geometric optimization of the models. The difference between the theor. and exptl. values is attributable to small uncertainties in atom coordinates and atom polarizabilities. Similar results were obtained for II and III with the structural models obtained for IV. The identical signs and similar magnitudes of rotations for II-IV stem primarily from the chiral gauche arrangement of the butane fragment.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Crystal structure. 617-55-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O5, Safety of (S)-Dimethyl 2-hydroxysuccinate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zahara, Sonia; Minhas, Muhammad Ali; Shaikh, Huma; Ali, Muhammad Shaiq; Bhanger, Muhammad Iqbal; Malik, Muhammad Imran published the artcile< Molecular imprinting-based extraction of rosmarinic acid from Salvia hypoleuca extract>, Electric Literature of 3290-92-4, the main research area is salvia hypoleuca rosmarinic acid extraction mol imprinting.

This study presents selective and efficient extraction of a medicinally important compound rosmarinic acid (RA) via mol. imprinting. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and its resp. non-imprinted polymer (NIP) were synthesized using methacrylamide (MAAm), itaconic acid (IA), and 4-vinyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one (VD) as functional monomers, and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as a crosslinker via bulk polymerization, and characterized by SEM, BET, FT-IR, and TGA. The adsorption properties of MIP were evaluated by batch rebinding experiments, Scatchard anal., LF-isotherm, and kinetic models. The MIP showed higher adsorption capacity towards RA compared to the corresponding NIP: 41.9 mg/g compared to only 9.6 mg/g. In addition, the synthesized RA-MIP displayed a good selectivity towards RA compared to its structural analogs in competitive recognition studies, confirming the development of RA specific imprinting sites. HPLC was utilized to determine the concentration of RA and analogous compounds in competitive recognition tests and in the real sample anal. Finally, RA-MIP was successfully utilized for the selective enrichment of RA from the ethanolic extract of Salvia hypoleuca. The obtained results show that RA-MIP can be a promising alternative to conventional extraction methods for the selective extraction and enrichment of RA from complex plant matrixes.

Reactive & Functional Polymers published new progress about Adsorption. 3290-92-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C18H26O6, Electric Literature of 3290-92-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Patra, Atanu; James, Anjima; Das, Tamal Kanti; Biju, Akkattu T. published the artcile< Oxidative NHC Catalysis for the Generation of Imidoyl Azoliums: Synthesis of Benzoxazoles>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is benzoxazole preparation; iminophenol oxidative cyclization heterocyclic carbene catalyst.

N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed intramol. cyclization of aldimines generated from 2-amino phenols and aromatic aldehydes leading to the synthesis of 2-arylbenzoxazoles under mild conditions is presented. The reaction proceeds via the generation of the aza-Breslow intermediates from imines and NHC, which under oxidative conditions form the key imidoyl azoliums and a subsequent intramol. cyclization furnishes the product. The reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups, and the products are formed in generally good yields.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Benzoxazoles Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bokharaei-Salim, Farah; Esghaei, Maryam; Khanaliha, Khadijeh; Kalantari, Saeed; Marjani, Arezoo; Fakhim, Atousa; Keyvani, Hossein published the artcile< HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease mutations for drug-resistance detection among treatment-experienced and naive HIV-infected individuals>, Formula: C19H34O2, the main research area is HIV infection drug resistance reverse transcriptase protease mutation.

The current study aimed at assessing the prevalence of HIV-1 DRMs among naive and treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients in Iran. Methods: From Apr. 2013 to Sept. 2018, the HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase genes were amplified and sequenced in plasma specimens of 60 newly diagnosed antiretroviral-naive individuals and 46 participants receiving antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) for at least six months with an HIV viral load of more than 1000 IU/mL to determine the HIV-1 DRMs and subtypes. Results: The SDRMs, D67N and D67E, belonged to the NRTIs class in two patients and K103N and V106A belonged to the NNRTIs class in three patients. Among the 46 ART-experienced participants, 33 (71.7%) carried HIV-1 variants with SDRMs (9.1% against PIs, 78.8% against NRTIs, and 100% against NNRTIs). M46I and I47V were the most common mutations for PIs, M184V was the most common mutation for the NRTIs, and K103N/S was the most common mutation for NNRTIs. Phylogenetic anal. of the polymerase region showed that all of the 46 HIV-1-infected patients who failed on ART carried CRF35_AD. The moderate prevalence of SDRMs (8.3%) in treatment-naive and ART-failed (77.1%) Iranian patients with HIV-1-infection emphasizes the need for systematic viral load monitoring, expanding drug resistance testing, carefully surveilling individuals on ART regimens, and facilitating access to new antiretrovirals by health authorities.

PLoS One published new progress about Antiviral agents. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Formula: C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kim, Donghyun; Park, Ji Young; Lee, Dong Hyun; Lim, Jae-Eun; Moon, Hyo-Bang; Kim, Sungkyoon; Lee, Kiyoung published the artcile< Simultaneous assessment of organophosphate flame retardants, plasticizers, trace metals, and house dust mite allergens in settled house dust>, Quality Control of 112-63-0, the main research area is organophosphate flame retardant phenol plasticizer mite allergens house dust; OPFR; alternative; house dust mite allergens; plasticizer; settled house dust.

Settled house dust (SHD) is a reservoir for various contaminants, including endocrine-disrupting chems. (EDCs), trace metals, and house dust mite allergens. This study aimed to characterize various chem. and biol. contaminants in SHD and identify determinants governing the indoor contaminants. In total, 106 SHD samples were collected from 106 houses in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, Korea, in 2021. Bedding dust samples were collected from 30 of these 106 houses. All participants completed a questionnaire comprised of housing and lifestyle-related factors. The samples were analyzed for 18 organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), 16 phthalates, five alternative plasticizers (APs), seven trace metals, and two house dust mite allergens (Dermatophagoides farinae type 1 [Der f1] and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus type 1 [Der p1]). A multiple regression anal. was conducted to identify the determinants governing the concentrations and profiles of various contaminants. OPFRs, phthalates, APs, and trace metals were detected in all SHD samples, indicating ubiquitous contamination in indoor environments. Among the three EDC groups, APs were detected at the highest concentrations (geometric mean [GM] (geometric standard deviation, [GSD]): 1452 (1.6)μg/g in total), followed by phthalates (GM (GSD): 676 (1.4) μg/g in total) and OPFRs (GM (GSD): 10 (1.4) μg/g in total). Der f1 was detected in all bedding dust samples with significantly higher levels than Der p1 (GM (GSD): 0.1 (1.8) μg/g vs. 1.4 x 10-3 (2.3) μg/g). The concentrations of OPFRs, plasticizers, and trace metals in SHD were significantly associated with the type and number of electronic appliances and combustion activities. Der f1 was significantly associated with the number of occupants and water penetration. Ventilation, vacuum cleaning, and wet cleaning or dry mopping significantly reduced the levels of most contaminants in SHD. As residents are persistently exposed to a wide array of pollutants, comprehensive and adequate measures are required to prevent potential exposures.

Indoor Air published new progress about Allergen Der f Role: ANT (Analyte), ANST (Analytical Study). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Quality Control of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Williams, Georgia E.; Kociok-Kohn, Gabriele; James, Tony D.; Lewis, Simon E. published the artcile< C4-aldehyde of guaiazulene: synthesis and derivatisation>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is guaiazulene aldehyde preparation derivatization halochromism.

Guaiazulene is an alkyl-substituted azulene available from natural sources and is a much lower cost starting material for the synthesis of azulene derivatives than azulene itself. Here we report an approach for the selective functionalization of guaiazulene which takes advantage of the acidity of the protons on the guaiazulene C4 Me group. The aldehyde produced by this approach (I) constitutes a building block for the construction of azulenes substituted on the seven-membered ring. Derivatives of this aldehyde synthesized by alkenylation, reduction and condensation are reported, and the halochromic properties of a subset of these derivatives have been studied.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry published new progress about Azulenes Role: PRP (Properties), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wan, Qijuan; Wu, Liqun; Yang, Qiuhua; Lin, Mao; Guo, Songlin published the artcile< First identification and pathogenicity study of Vibrio harveyi isolated from diseased American eel (Anguilla rostrata) cultivated in freshwater>, Electric Literature of 112-63-0, the main research area is Anguilla rostrata disease freshwater Vibrio harveyi isolation pathogenicity.

Diseases caused by Vibrio harveyi in marine organisms have been generally reported in aquaculture, but there has been no reported V. harveyi infection in fish cultivated in freshwater. Herein, we isolated 3 strains of V. harveyi from diseased American eels (Anguilla rostrata) cultivated in freshwater and subsequently confirmed the virulence of V. harveyi and the extracellular product (ECP). The three isolates were identified as V. harveyi based on phenotypic features and homol. of 16S rDNA and 3 house-keeping genes (HKGs). Exptl. infection revealed that V. harveyi and ECP were highly pathogenic to American eels, and the median LDs (LD50) were 1.67 x 103 cfu/g and 7.29μg/g body weight, resp. Moreover, our antibiotic susceptibility test showed that V. harveyi was susceptible to 16 of 20 antibiotics using the VITEK system of Merieux. Furthermore, liver and kidney samples were collected for paraffin sectioning, stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H & E) and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS). H & E staining results revealed hepatocyte atrophy and necrosis, hepatic intercellular hemorrhage and intrahepatic venous thrombosis, while the kidney was characterized by renal tubular epithelial cell swelling and renal interstitial haematopoietic cell loss. Interestingly, glycogen deposition was more obvious in the kidney compared with the liver after PAS staining. Cultivated eel infected by V. harveyii was reported for the first time, and the results of this study provide a valuable reference for further prevention and control of fish diseases caused by V. harveyi.

Aquaculture Research published new progress about 16S rRNA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Electric Literature of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Heng; Guo, Tianyun; Wu, Mingzhong; Huo, Xing; Tang, Shouchu; Wang, Xiaolei; Liu, Jian published the artcile< 4CzIPN catalyzed photochemical oxidation of benzylic alcohols>, Reference of 94-02-0, the main research area is aldehyde ketone preparation green chem 4CzlPN catalyst; benzylic primary secondary alc photoredox oxidation.

A green photoredox oxidation of benzylic primary and secondary alcs. to aldehydes and ketones with air as an oxidant was reported. The oxidation shows broad substrate scope and excellent selectivity over benzylic alcs. to the aliphatic alcs. Further mechanistic studies revealed a quinuclidine mediated HAT process, and blue LEDs promoted 4CzlPN (1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene) photoredox cycle were involved in the oxidation

Tetrahedron Letters published new progress about Aldehydes Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 94-02-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C11H12O3, Reference of 94-02-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Critcher, Douglas J.; Connolly, Stephen; Mahon, Mary F.; Wills, Martin published the artcile< Synthesis and x-ray crystallographic structure of the right-hand hemisphere of halicholactone and neohalicholactone>, Synthetic Route of 617-55-0, the main research area is halicholactone cyclopropyl lactone preparation crystal structure; neohalicholactone cyclopropyl lactone preparation crystal structure; crystal structure halicholactone cyclopropyl lactone.

The synthesis and X-ray crystallog. structure of the right-hand hemisphere, cyclopropyl lactone I, of the marine natural products halicholactone and neohalicholactone, which contains a nine-membered lactone and cyclopropane ring, is reported.

Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications published new progress about Crystal structure. 617-55-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O5, Synthetic Route of 617-55-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics