Fernandez, Lesly Paradina; Brasca, Romina; Attademo, Andres M.; Peltzer, Paola M.; Lajmanovich, Rafael C.; Culzoni, Maria J. published the artcile< Bioaccumulation and glutathione S-transferase activity on Rhinella arenarum tadpoles after short-term exposure to antiretrovirals>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is Rhinella lamivudine stavudine zidovudine nevirapine glutathione S transferase bioaccumulation; Antiretrovirals; Bioaccumulation; Tadpoles; Toxicological biomarkers; UHPLC-DAD.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the bioaccumulation and toxicol. effects of four antiretrovirals (lamivudine, stavudine, zidovudine and nevirapine) on Rhinella arenarum tadpoles, after short-term (48 h) exposure to these drugs at sublethal concentrations The anal. procedure involved a simple extraction method followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatog. with diode array detection and chemometric anal. for data processing. Under the conditions studied, the analytes investigated, particularly nevirapine, showed possible bioaccumulation in tadpoles. Besides, an increase in the bioaccumulation was observed when increasing the exposure concentration In addition, the enzymic biomarkers measured to evaluate the toxicol. effects showed that acethylcholinesterase activity was similar to that of the control group, while glutathione S-transferase activity was increased, indicating potential oxidative stress damage. Our results also allowed demonstrating the usefulness of chemometric algorithms to quantitate analytes in complex matrixes, such as those absorbed by tadpoles in aquatic ecosystems. The results also evidenced the short-term antiretroviral bioaccumulation in tadpoles and the alteration of antioxidant systems, highlighting the need of environmental studies to elucidate the ecotoxicol. risk of antiretrovirals in humans and wildlife.
Chemosphere published new progress about Antioxidants. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.
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